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Home > Tutorials > HTML > HTML JavaScript > JS Variables > Variable Declaration > const Constant Value Block Scope

const Constant Value Block Scope

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HTML Images
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    WebP Modern Format Google
    
    WebP Lossy and Lossless Both
    
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    AVIF Next Gen Format
    
    AVIF Better Compression than WebP
    
    AVIF HDR Support
- Image Optimization
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    TinyPNG Compressor
    
    ImageOptim for Mac
    
    Squoosh Online Tool
    
    ShortPixel Plugin
  - File Size Tips
    
    Under 100KB for Web
    
    Thumbnail Size 150x150
    
    Responsive Multiple Sizes
  - Lazy Loading
    
    Loading Lazy Attribute
    
    Intersection Observer API
    
    Lazy Loading Performance Boost
    
    Fallback for Old Browsers
- Image Alignment
  - Horizontal Alignment
    
    Image Align Left with Float
    
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    Entire Card Image Link
- Responsive Images
  - Width 100 Percent
    
    Image Scale with Container
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    Image Never Bigger than Container
  - Height Auto
    
    Maintain Aspect Ratio
  - Object Fit Cover
    
    Fill Container Crop Image
  - Object Fit Contain
    
    Fit Inside Container
  - Srcset Attribute
    
    Different Images for Different Screens
    
    Comma Separated Image List
    
    Width Descriptor w
    
    Pixel Density Descriptor x
  - Sizes Attribute
    
    Media Condition and Size
    
    (max-width:600px) 100vw
    
    50vw for Desktop
- Picture Element
  - Picture Tag Syntax
    
    Picture with Multiple Sources
  - Source Tag
    
    Media Attribute for Breakpoints
    
    Srcset Attribute for Images
    
    Type Attribute for Format
  - Art Direction
    
    Different Crop for Mobile Desktop
    
    Portrait vs Landscape Images
  - Format Fallback
    
    WebP with JPG Fallback
- Image Map
  - Map Tag Definition
    
    Client Side Image Map
  - Map Tag Name Attribute
    
    Link with Usemap
  - Area Tag Shape
    
    Shape Rect Rectangle
    
    Shape Circle
    
    Shape Poly Polygon
  - Area Tag Coords
    
    Rect Coords x1 y1 x2 y2
    
    Circle Coords x y radius
    
    Poly Coords x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3
  - Area Tag Href
    
    Link URL for Region
  - Area Tag Target
    
    Open Link in New Tab
  - Area Tag Alt
    
    Accessibility for Region
  - Practical Examples
    
    Country Map Clickable Regions
    
    Product Image Hotspots
    
    Floor Plan Interactive
- Figure Element
  - Figure Tag
    
    Self Contained Content
    
    Image Diagram Code Snippet
  - Figcaption Tag
    
    Caption Inside Figure
    
    Caption Styling CSS
  - Multiple Images
    
    Multiple Images One Figure
- Background Images
  - Background Image Property
    
    Background Image URL
  - Background Repeat
    
    Repeat Repeat-x Repeat-y No-repeat
  - Background Position
    
    Top Bottom Left Right Center
    
    Percentage Pixel Values
  - Background Size Cover
    
    Cover Entire Container
  - Background Size Contain
    
    Fit Inside Container
  - Background Attachment Fixed
    
    Parallax Effect
  - Background Attachment Scroll
    
    Default Behavior
  - Background Shorthand
    
    All Properties in One Line
  - Multiple Backgrounds
    
    Comma Separated Images
- Favicon
  - Favicon Definition
    
    Website Icon on Browser Tab
  - Favicon Sizes
    
    16x16 32x32 48x48 64x64
  - Favicon Formats
    
    ICO Format Best Support
    
    PNG for Modern Browsers
    
    SVG for Vector
  - Favicon Implementation
    
    Link Rel Icon
    
    Root Directory favicon.ico Auto Detect
  - Favicon Generator
    
    Favicon.io Online Tool
    
    RealFaviconGenerator
  - Favicon Best Practices
    
    Different Sizes for Different Devices
    
    Cache Busting Query String
  - Dynamic Favicon
    
    JavaScript Change Favicon
  - Apple Touch Icon
    
    iPhone iPad Bookmark Icon
HTML Tables
- Table Introduction
  - Table Element
    
    Table for Tabular Data
    
    Table vs Spreadsheet
    
    When to Use Tables
    
    When NOT to Use Tables for Layout
- Table Syntax
  - Table Tag Opening
    
    <table> Start Tag
  - Table Tag Closing
    
    </table> End Tag
  - Table Border Attribute
    
    Border 1 for Visible Table
    
    Border 0 for Invisible Table
- Table Rows
  - TR Tag
    
    Table Row Start <tr>
    
    Table Row End </tr>
    
    Multiple Rows in Table
    
    TR Height Attribute Deprecated
    
    TR CSS Height Property
- Table Data
  - TD Tag
    
    Table Data Cell Start <td>
    
    Table Data Cell End </td>
    
    TD Content Text Images Links
    
    TD Width Attribute Deprecated
    
    TD CSS Width Property
    
    TD Background Color CSS
    
    TD Text Alignment Left Center Right
    
    TD Vertical Alignment Top Middle Bottom
- Table Headers
  - TH Tag
    
    Table Header Cell <th>
    
    TH Bold Center Default
    
    TH Scope Attribute col row
    
    TH Scope for Accessibility
    
    TH vs TD Differences
- Table Structure
  - Table Head
    
    <thead> Wrapper for Header Rows
    
    Thead for Semantic Structure
    
    Thead CSS Styling
  - Table Body
    
    <tbody> Wrapper for Body Rows
    
    Tbody for Semantic Structure
    
    Tbody Scrollable Tables
  - Table Foot
    
    <tfoot> Wrapper for Footer Rows
    
    Tfoot for Summary Rows
    
    Tfoot Position Bottom
- Table Caption
  - Caption Tag
    
    <caption> Table Title
    
    Caption Position Top Default
    
    Caption Side Bottom CSS
    
    Caption Styling CSS
- Table Borders
  - Border Attribute
    
    Border 1 Simple Border
    
    Border Pixel Value
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    Border Collapse Separate vs Collapse
    
    Border Collapse Collapse Single Border
    
    Table Border Solid
    
    TD Border Individual Cells
    
    TH Border Header Cells
- Table Sizes
  - Table Width
    
    Table Width Percentage
    
    Table Width Pixels
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    Table Height CSS Property
  - Column Width
    
    TD Width Attribute
    
    Colgroup for Column Widths
    
    CSS Width on First Row
  - Row Height
    
    TR Height CSS
    
    TD Height CSS
- Table Spacing
  - Cell Padding
    
    Cellpadding Attribute Space Inside Cell
    
    CSS Padding Property Modern
    
    Padding TD and TH
  - Cell Spacing
    
    Cellspacing Attribute Space Between Cells
    
    CSS Border Spacing Property
    
    Border Spacing for Separate Borders
- Colspan & Rowspan
  - Colspan Attribute
    
    Colspan Merge Columns Horizontally
    
    Colspan Value Number of Columns
    
    Colspan Example Table Header
  - Rowspan Attribute
    
    Rowspan Merge Rows Vertically
    
    Rowspan Value Number of Rows
    
    Rowspan Example Side Header
  - Complex Headers
    
    Combined Colspan and Rowspan
    
    Nested Tables Alternative
- Table Styling
  - Striped Rows
    
    TR nth-child(even) Background
    
    TR nth-child(odd) Background
    
    Zebra Striping Effect
  - Hover Effect
    
    TR:hover Background Change
    
    Row Highlight on Mouse Over
  - Responsive Tables
    
    Horizontal Overflow Scroll
    
    Overflow-x Auto Container
    
    Cards Layout on Mobile
    
    Display Block on Small Screens
- Table Colgroup
  - Colgroup Tag
    
    <colgroup> Column Group Container
    
    Span Attribute Multiple Columns
  - Col Tag
    
    <col> Individual Column
    
    Col Width Property
    
    Col Background Color
    
    Col Text Alignment
    
    Col Class Attribute
- Advanced Tables
  - Nested Tables
    
    Table Inside Table TD
    
    Nested Table Complexity
  - Sortable Tables
    
    JavaScript Sort Function
    
    Click Header to Sort
  - Filterable Tables
    
    Search Box Filter Rows
    
    JavaScript Filter Function
  - Pagination Tables
    
    Split Large Data into Pages
    
    Previous Next Buttons
  - Editable Tables
    
    Content Editable Attribute
    
    Inline Editing JavaScript
- Table Accessibility
  - Scope Attribute
    
    Scope col for Header
    
    Scope row for Row Header
  - Header Attribute
    
    ID and Headers for Complex
  - Caption Tag
    
    Table Description Screen Reader
  - Summary Attribute
    
    Deprecated Summary for Table
HTML Lists
- List Introduction
  - Types of Lists
    
    Unordered Ordered Description Lists
  - Use Cases
    
    Navigation Menus
    
    Shopping Lists
    
    To-Do Lists
- Unordered List
  - UL Tag
    
    <ul> Unordered List Container
  - LI Tag
    
    <li> List Item Inside UL
    
    Multiple List Items
  - Bullet Styles
    
    Disc Bullet Default
    
    Circle Bullet
    
    Square Bullet
    
    None No Bullet
    
    List Style Type CSS
  - Custom Bullets
    
    List Style Image URL
    
    Emoji as Bullet
    
    Font Awesome Icons as Bullet
- Ordered List
  - OL Tag
    
    <ol> Ordered List Container
  - LI Tag
    
    List Items in Ordered List
  - Number Types
    
    Decimal Numbers 1 2 3 Default
    
    Lowercase Letters a b c
    
    Uppercase Letters A B C
    
    Lowercase Roman i ii iii
    
    Uppercase Roman I II III
  - Start Attribute
    
    Start Number Custom Value
    
    Start from 5 Example
  - Reversed Attribute
    
    Reverse Order Countdown
    
    Reversed 5 4 3 2 1
  - Value Attribute
    
    LI Value Custom Number
- Description List
  - DL Tag
    
    <dl> Description List Container
  - DT Tag
    
    <dt> Term Name
  - DD Tag
    
    <dd> Description Details
  - Multiple Terms
    
    One DT Multiple DD
    
    Multiple DT One DD
  - Use Cases
    
    Glossary Lists
    
    Product Features List
    
    FAQ Sections
- Nested Lists
  - Multi-level Lists
    
    List Inside List Item
    
    Submenu Navigation
    
    Mixed UL OL Inside
  - Indentation
    
    Automatic Indent Nested Lists
    
    CSS Margin for Indent Control
- List Styling
  - CSS Properties
    
    List Style Type Property
    
    List Style Position Inside Outside
    
    List Style Image Custom Bullet
    
    List Style Shorthand
  - Horizontal Lists
    
    Display Inline on LI
    
    Horizontal Navigation Menu
    
    Flexbox for Horizontal List
  - Margin Padding
    
    Remove Default UL Padding
    
    LI Margin Bottom Spacing
- List Accessibility
  - Semantic Lists
    
    Screen Reader Announcement
  - Navigation Lists
    
    ARIA Role Navigation
- List Examples
  - Breadcrumb Navigation
    
    Home > Category > Product
  - To-Do List
    
    Checkbox Inside List Item
  - Shopping List
    
    Product Items with Price
  - Nested Menu
    
    Multi-level Dropdown Menu
  - Table of Contents
    
    Page Section Links
HTML Block & Inline
- Block Elements
  - Definition
    
    Block Level Element Characteristics
    
    Start on New Line
    
    Take Full Width Available
    
    Can Contain Inline and Block
  - List of Blocks
    
    Div P H1 to H6
    
    Ul Ol Li DL
    
    Table Form Section
    
    Header Footer Nav Article
    
    Aside Main Figure Figcaption
- Inline Elements
  - Definition
    
    Inline Element Characteristics
    
    Do Not Start New Line
    
    Take Only Necessary Width
    
    Cannot Contain Block Elements
  - List of Inlines
    
    Span A Img
    
    Strong Em B I
    
    Mark Small Del Ins
    
    Sub Sup Code Kbd
    
    Input Button Label
    
    Select Textarea
- Span Tag
  - Span Definition
    
    Generic Inline Container
  - Span Uses
    
    Style Small Part of Text
    
    Highlight Specific Words
    
    JavaScript Target Element
  - Span vs Div
    
    Span Inline Div Block
- Display Property
  - Change Display
    
    Block to Inline display inline
    
    Inline to Block display block
    
    Inline Block Hybrid
  - Hide Elements
    
    Display None Remove Element
    
    Visibility Hidden Hide but Keep Space
HTML Div
- Div Element
  - Definition
    
    Division Container
  - Characteristics
    
    Block Level Element
  - Uses
    
    Group Multiple Elements Together
    
    Apply CSS to Section
    
    JavaScript Wrapper
    
    Layout Structure Container
- Div Examples
  - Header Section
    
    Div for Website Header
  - Navigation Section
    
    Div for Navbar Menu
  - Content Section
    
    Div for Main Content
  - Sidebar Section
    
    Div for Right Left Sidebar
  - Footer Section
    
    Div for Footer Content
  - Card Component
    
    Div for Product Card
  - Modal Popup
    
    Div for Modal Dialog
- Div Styling
  - CSS Styling
    
    Div Background Color
    
    Div Border Radius Shadow
    
    Div Hover Effect
  - Box Model
    
    Div Padding Margin
    
    Div Width Height
- Div Layout
  - Flexbox Container
    
    Div with Display Flex
  - Grid Container
    
    Div with Display Grid
  - Positioning
    
    Div Relative Absolute Fixed
HTML Classes
- Class Attribute
  - Definition
    
    HTML Class for Styling
  - Syntax
    
    class="classname"
  - Multiple Classes
    
    class="class1 class2"
  - Naming Rules
    
    No Spaces Use Hyphen Underscore
    
    Cannot Start with Number
  - Case Sensitivity
    
    Case Sensitive CSS
- CSS Class Selector
  - Dot Notation
    
    .classname in CSS
  - Specificity
    
    Class Overrides Element Selector
  - Multiple Classes
    
    All Classes Applied
- JavaScript Classes
  - ClassName Property
    
    element.className Get Set
  - ClassList Methods
    
    classList.add Method
    
    classList.remove Method
    
    classList.toggle Method
    
    classList.contains Method
    
    classList.replace Method
- Best Practices
  - Meaningful Names
    
    Use kebab-case or camelCase
  - Reusability
    
    Reuse Classes Across Elements
  - BEM Methodology
    
    Block Element Modifier Naming
  - BEM Examples
    
    card card__title card--featured
- Class vs ID
  - Differences
    
    Class Reusable ID Unique
    
    Class Multiple ID One per Page
  - Specificity
    
    ID Higher Specificity than Class
  - When to Use
    
    Class for Styling ID for JavaScript
HTML Id
- ID Attribute
  - Definition
    
    Unique Identifier for Element
  - Syntax
    
    id="uniqueid"
  - Naming Rules
    
    No Spaces Hyphen Underscore Allowed
    
    Cannot Start with Number
  - Uniqueness
    
    Each ID Used Once Per Page
  - Multiple IDs
    
    Multiple IDs on Same Element Invalid
- CSS ID Selector
  - Hash Notation
    
    #idname in CSS
  - Specificity
    
    ID Very High Specificity
  - Overriding
    
    Only Inline CSS Overrides ID
- JavaScript ID
  - Get Element By ID
    
    document.getElementById
  - Direct Access
    
    window.elementId Direct Reference
- Link Bookmarks
  - Internal Links
    
    Link to ID with Hash #
  - Smooth Scroll
    
    Scroll to ID Smoothly
  - Cross Page Links
    
    page.html#sectionid
- Form Integration
  - Label Connection
    
    Label For Attribute Matches ID
  - Accessibility
    
    ARIA Attributes Reference ID
- Best Practices
  - Use Cases
    
    Unique Form Fields
    
    Anchor Targets
    
    JavaScript Hooks
  - Avoid Overuse
    
    Use Class for Styling
HTML Buttons
- Button Element
  - Definition
    
    Clickable Interactive Element
  - Syntax
    
    <button>Text</button>
  - Type Attribute
    
    type="submit" for Forms
    
    type="reset" Clear Form
    
    type="button" Default Action
  - Name Attribute
    
    Submit Form Data Key
  - Value Attribute
    
    Submit Form Data Value
  - Disabled Attribute
    
    Disable Button Interaction
  - Autofocus Attribute
    
    Focus on Page Load
  - Form Attribute
    
    Associate with Form ID
  - Formaction Attribute
    
    Override Form Action URL
  - Formmethod Attribute
    
    Override Form Method GET POST
  - Formenctype Attribute
    
    Override Form Encoding
  - Formtarget Attribute
    
    Override Form Target
- Button Styling
  - CSS Basics
    
    Background Color Gradient
    
    Text Color Font Family
    
    Padding Vertical Horizontal
    
    Border Radius Rounded Corners
    
    Border None or Custom
    
    Box Shadow Effect
    
    Cursor Pointer on Hover
  - Hover Effects
    
    Background Color Change on Hover
    
    Scale Transform Effect
    
    Transition Smooth Animation
    
    Opacity Change on Hover
  - Active Effect
    
    Button Press Down Effect
  - Focused Style
    
    Outline Removal Accessibility
- Button Types
  - Primary Button
    
    Main Call to Action
  - Secondary Button
    
    Alternative Action
  - Success Button
    
    Green Confirmation
  - Danger Button
    
    Red Delete Action
  - Warning Button
    
    Yellow Caution Action
  - Info Button
    
    Blue Information Action
  - Outline Button
    
    Transparent with Border
  - Ghost Button
    
    No Border Transparent
- Button Sizes
  - Small Button
    
    Padding 5px 10px Font 12px
  - Medium Button
    
    Padding 10px 20px Font 16px
  - Large Button
    
    Padding 15px 30px Font 20px
  - Full Width Button
    
    Width 100 Percent Block
- Button with Icons
  - Icon Placement
    
    Icon Before Text
    
    Icon After Text
  - Icon Only Button
    
    Round Button with Icon
  - Icon Libraries
    
    Font Awesome Icons
    
    Bootstrap Icons
- Button Groups
  - Grouped Buttons
    
    Buttons Side by Side
    
    Gap Between Buttons
  - Button Toolbar
    
    Multiple Button Groups
- Button Events
  - Onclick Event
    
    JavaScript Function Call
  - Alert Example
    
    Show Alert Message on Click
  - Console Log
    
    Log Message to Console
  - Change Text
    
    Update Button Text on Click
  - Show Hide Element
    
    Toggle Div Visibility
- Button vs Link
  - When to Use Button
    
    Actions Form Submission Modal
  - When to Use Link
    
    Navigation to Another Page
- Button Accessibility
  - ARIA Label
    
    For Icon Buttons
  - Disabled State
    
    Announce to Screen Readers
HTML Iframes
- Iframe Element
  - Definition
    
    Inline Frame for External Content
  - Syntax
    
    <iframe src="url"></iframe>
  - Self Closing
    
    Iframe Closing Tag Required
- Iframe Attributes
  - Src Attribute
    
    Source URL of Embedded Content
  - Width Attribute
    
    Iframe Width Pixels Percentage
  - Height Attribute
    
    Iframe Height Pixels
  - Name Attribute
    
    Target for Link Click
  - Title Attribute
    
    Accessibility Description
  - Sandbox Attribute
    
    Restrict Iframe Capabilities
  - Sandbox Value
    
    Allow Forms Allow Scripts
    
    Allow Same Origin Allow Top Navigation
    
    Allow Popups Allow Modals
  - Allow Attribute
    
    Allow Fullscreen
    
    Allow Camera Microphone
    
    Allow Geolocation Payment
  - Loading Attribute
    
    Lazy Load Iframe
    
    Eager Load Immediate
  - Referrer Policy
    
    No Referrer When Downgrade
    
    Strict Origin Cross Origin
  - Src Doc Attribute
    
    Inline HTML Content
- Embedding YouTube
  - YouTube Embed Code
    
    Share Embed Option
  - YouTube Parameters
    
    Autoplay=1 Parameter
    
    Mute=1 for Autoplay
    
    Controls=0 Hide Controls
    
    Loop=1 Loop Video
    
    Playlist=ID for Loop
    
    Start=60 Start at Second
    
    End=120 End at Second
    
    Rel=0 No Related Videos
- Embedding Google Maps
  - Google Maps Embed
    
    Share Embed Map
  - Google Maps Parameters
    
    Zoom Level
    
    Map Type Roadmap Satellite
    
    Search Location
- Embedding Vimeo
  - Vimeo Embed Code
    
    Share Embed Option
  - Vimeo Parameters
    
    Autoplay Background
    
    Portrait Badge Hide
- Embedding Twitter
  - Twitter Embed
    
    Post Tweet Embed Code
  - Twitter Timeline
    
    Profile Timeline Embed
- Embedding Facebook
  - Facebook Embed
    
    Facebook Post Embed
  - Facebook Video
    
    Facebook Video Embed
- Embedding Instagram
  - Instagram Embed
    
    Instagram Post Embed
  - Instagram Reels
    
    Instagram Reel Embed
- Embedding Spotify
  - Spotify Embed
    
    Song Album Playlist Embed
  - Spotify Podcast
    
    Podcast Episode Embed
- Iframe Styling
  - Remove Border
    
    Frame Border 0 or Border None
  - Border Radius
    
    Rounded Corners on Iframe
  - Box Shadow
    
    Shadow Effect on Iframe
  - Responsive Iframe
    
    Aspect Ratio Container
    
    Padding Bottom 56.25% for 16:9
    
    Position Absolute Inside Container
- Iframe Security
  - Clickjacking Prevention
    
    X-Frame-Options Header
    
    CSP frame-ancestors Directive
  - Sandbox Security
    
    Restrict Untrusted Content
- Iframe Communication
  - Post Message
    
    Cross Origin Communication
    
    Parent Send Message to Iframe
    
    Iframe Send Message to Parent
- Iframe SEO
  - Impact on SEO
    
    Iframe Content Not Indexed
  - Best Practices
    
    Add Title for Accessibility
HTML JavaScript
- JS Introduction
  - What is JavaScript
    
    Client Side Scripting Language
    
    Add Interactivity to HTML
    
    JS History and Evolution
  - JavaScript vs Java
    
    No Relation Different Languages
- Script Placement
  - Head Section
    
    Script in Head Loads Early
  - Body End
    
    Script Before Body Close Best Performance
  - Async Attribute
    
    Download Parallel Execute Immediate
  - Defer Attribute
    
    Download Parallel Execute After HTML
  - Async vs Defer
    
    Async for Independent Scripts
    
    Defer for Dependent Scripts
- External JavaScript
  - External File
    
    .js File Extension
  - Link Script
    
    Script Tag Src Attribute
  - Benefits
    
    Cached by Browser
    
    Separate Concerns HTML vs JS
- JS Output
  - document.write
    
    Write Directly to HTML
    
    Overwrites Page After Load
  - console.log
    
    Output to Browser Console
  - alert
    
    Popup Alert Box
  - confirm
    
    Yes No Confirmation Dialog
  - prompt
    
    User Input Dialog
  - innerHTML
    
    Change Content of Element
- JS Variables
  - Variable Declaration
    
    var Old Way Function Scope
    
    let Modern Way Block Scope
    
    const Constant Value Block Scope
  - Naming Rules
    
    Cannot Start with Number
    
    Case Sensitive camelCase
- JS Data Types
  - String
    
    Text Values in Quotes
  - Number
    
    Integers and Decimals
  - Boolean
    
    True or False Values
  - Array
    
    List of Values
  - Object
    
    Key Value Pairs
  - Undefined
    
    Variable Declared No Value
  - Null
    
    Empty Value Intentional
- JS Functions
  - Function Declaration
    
    function name() {}
  - Function Expression
    
    const name = function() {}
  - Arrow Function
    
    const name = () => {}
  - Parameters
    
    Input Values to Function
  - Return Value
    
    Output from Function
- JS Events
  - Common Events
    
    onclick Mouse Click
    
    ondblclick Double Click
    
    onmouseover Mouse Enter
    
    onmouseout Mouse Leave
    
    onmousedown Mouse Button Press
    
    onmouseup Mouse Button Release
    
    onmousemove Mouse Movement
  - Keyboard Events
    
    onkeydown Key Press
    
    onkeyup Key Release
    
    onkeypress Key Hold
  - Form Events
    
    onsubmit Form Submission
    
    onreset Form Reset
    
    onchange Input Value Change
    
    oninput Live Input Change
    
    onfocus Input Focus
    
    onblur Input Blur
  - Window Events
    
    onload Page Load Complete
    
    onresize Window Resize
    
    onscroll Page Scroll
    
    onbeforeunload Before Page Close
- DOM Manipulation
  - Selecting Elements
    
    getElementById
    
    getElementsByClassName
    
    getElementsByTagName
    
    querySelector
    
    querySelectorAll
  - Change Content
    
    innerHTML Property
    
    textContent Property
  - Change CSS
    
    style.property = value
    
    classList.add remove
  - Create Elements
    
    document.createElement
    
    appendChild Method
  - Remove Elements
    
    removeChild Method
    
    element.remove Method
- JS Examples
  - Show Hide Element
    
    Toggle Display None
  - Change Text on Click
    
    Button Click Update Text
  - Form Validation
    
    Check Empty Fields
    
    Validate Email Format
  - Dynamic List
    
    Add Remove List Items
  - Counter App
    
    Increment Decrement Counter
  - Image Slider
    
    Next Previous Image
  - Accordion
    
    Expand Collapse Sections
  - Tab Component
    
    Switch Between Tabs
  - Dark Mode
    
    Toggle Light Dark Theme
  - Back to Top
    
    Smooth Scroll to Top
- JS Libraries
  - jQuery
    
    Popular jQuery Library
  - React
    
    React JS Framework
  - Vue
    
    Vue JS Framework
  - Angular
    
    Angular Framework
HTML File Paths
- Absolute Path
  - Full URL
    
    https://example.com/image.jpg
    
    https://www.google.com
  - External Resources
    
    Linking to External Website
  - External Images
    
    Image from Another Domain
  - CDN Usage
    
    https://cdn.example.com/style.css
- Relative Path
  - Same Folder
    
    image.jpg or ./image.jpg
    
    about.html
  - Subfolder
    
    images/photo.jpg
    
    folder/page.html
  - Parent Folder
    
    ../image.jpg
    
    ../css/style.css
  - Two Levels Up
    
    ../../images/logo.png
  - Root Relative
    
    /images/photo.jpg
    
    /css/main.css
- Path Best Practices
  - Organize Files
    
    Separate Folders for CSS JS Images
  - Lowercase Names
    
    Avoid Case Sensitivity Issues
  - No Spaces
    
    Use Hyphens or Underscores
  - Descriptive Names
    
    hero-image.jpg not img1.jpg
- Common Mistakes
  - Incorrect Case
    
    Image.jpg vs image.jpg
  - Wrong Slash
    
    Use Forward Slash / Not Backslash \
  - Missing Extension
    
    style not style.css
  - Double Dot Error
    
    ../ when No Parent Folder
- File Path Examples
  - HTML to CSS
    
    css/style.css
  - HTML to JS
    
    js/script.js
  - HTML to Image
    
    images/photo.jpg
  - CSS to Image
    
    ../images/bg.jpg
  - HTML to Font
    
    fonts/arial.ttf
HTML Head
- Meta Tags
- Link Tags
  - Preconnect
    
    Preconnect to Google Fonts
    
    Preconnect to CDN
  - Preload
    
    Preload Critical CSS
    
    Preload Hero Image
  - Prefetch
    
    Prefetch Next Page Resource
  - DNS Prefetch
    
    DNS Prefetch External Domains
  - Alternate
    
    Alternate RSS Feed
    
    Alternate Mobile Version
    
    Alternate Language Version
HTML Layout
- Layout Basics
  - Page Structure
    
    Header Navigation Main Footer
  - Wireframe
    
    Visual Blueprint of Page
  - Common Patterns
    
    Header Top Navigation
    
    Sidebar Left or Right
    
    Full Width Layout
- Layout Techniques
- Responsive Layout
  - Mobile First
    
    Design for Mobile Then Desktop
    
    Min Width Media Queries
  - Desktop First
    
    Max Width Media Queries
  - Breakpoints
    
    Mobile 480px
    
    Tablet 768px
    
    Desktop 1024px
    
    Widescreen 1200px
  - Responsive Navigation
    
    Hamburger Menu Mobile
    
    Media Query for Desktop Menu
  - Responsive Columns
    
    Stack on Mobile Row on Desktop
  - Responsive Images
    
    Max Width 100 Percent
  - Responsive Text
    
    Viewport Units vw vh
  - Responsive Tables
    
    Horizontal Scroll on Mobile
- Layout Examples
  - Blog Layout
    
    Header Post Sidebar Footer
    
    Post Card Grid
  - Ecommerce Layout
    
    Product Grid with Filters
    
    Product Details Page
  - Portfolio Layout
    
    Masonry Grid Gallery
    
    Filterable Portfolio
  - Landing Page
    
    Hero Section Features CTA
    
    Testimonials Pricing Footer
  - Admin Dashboard
    
    Sidebar Menu Top Bar
    
    Cards Charts Tables
  - Social Media
    
    Feed Layout Stories
- Modern Layout
  - CSS Grid + Flexbox
    
    Grid for Page Layout Flex for Components
    
    Nested Flex Inside Grid
  - Container Queries
    
    Element Based Responsive Design
    
    Container Type Inline Size
  - Subgrid
    
    Subgrid for Nested Grid Alignment
HTML Responsive
- Viewport Meta
  - Viewport Tag
    
    meta name="viewport"
  - Viewport Properties
    
    width=device-width
    
    initial-scale=1.0
    
    maximum-scale=1.0
    
    user-scalable=yes no
- Media Queries
  - Syntax
    
    @media media type and condition
  - Media Types
    
    screen print all speech
  - Common Breakpoints
    
    @media (max-width:768px)
    
    @media (min-width:769px)
    
    @media (orientation:portrait)
    
    @media (orientation:landscape)
    
    @media (prefers-color-scheme:dark)
    
    @media (prefers-reduced-motion)
  - CSS Example
    
    Change Layout on Mobile
    
    Hide Element on Mobile
    
    Change Font Size on Tablet
- Responsive Images
  - Srcset Attribute
    
    Multiple Image Options
  - Srcset Example
    
    small.jpg 600w medium.jpg 1200w
  - Sizes Attribute
    
    (max-width:600px) 100vw
    
    50vw for Desktop
  - Picture Element
    
    Art Direction Different Crop
  - Image Set
    
    x Descriptor for Pixel Density
- Responsive Typography
  - Viewport Units
    
    Font Size in vw
  - Clamp Function
    
    clamp(16px
    
    Responsive Font Fluid
  - Calc Function
    
    calc(16px + 1vw)
  - Media Queries Font
    
    Change Font Size Breakpoints
  - Line Height
    
    Responsive Line Height
- Responsive Layout
  - Flexbox Wrap
    
    Flex Wrap for Responsive
  - Grid Auto Fit
    
    Grid Template Columns auto-fit
  - Grid MinMax
    
    minmax(250px
  - Order Property
    
    Reorder Elements on Mobile
- Responsive Navigation
  - Hamburger Menu
    
    CSS Only Hamburger
    
    JavaScript Toggle
  - Off Canvas Menu
    
    Slide from Side
  - Top Navigation
    
    Stack Vertically on Mobile
HTML Computercode
- Code Tag
  - Inline Code
    
    <code> for Short Code Snippets
  - Monospace Font
    
    Default Courier New
  - Escape HTML
    
    < for < and > for >
- Pre Tag
  - Preformatted Block
    
    <pre> for Code Blocks
  - Preserve Spaces
    
    Maintains Indentation
  - Pre with Code
    
    Nesting <code> Inside <pre>
  - Scroll Overflow
    
    Overflow-x Auto for Long Lines
  - Syntax Highlighting
    
    Highlight JS Library
    
    Prism JS for Code Blocks
- Kbd Tag
  - Keyboard Input
    
    <kbd> for Key Presses
  - Key Combinations
    
    Ctrl+C Ctrl+V
  - Key Styling
    
    Background Border Shadow
- Samp Tag
  - Sample Output
    
    <samp> for Program Output
  - Error Messages
    
    Error: File Not Found
  - Command Output
    
    > Hello World
- Var Tag
  - Variable Name
    
    <var> for Math Variables
  - Math Expressions
    
    x + y = z
  - Italic Style
    
    Default Font Style Italic
HTML Semantics
- Semantic Elements
  - Definition
    
    Meaningful HTML Elements
  - Importance
    
    SEO and Accessibility Benefits
  - Non Semantic
    
    div and span No Meaning
  - Semantic
    
    header nav main article section aside footer
- Header Tag
  - <header>
    
    Introductory Content Container
    
    Site Logo Navigation Links
    
    Multiple Headers Allowed
- Nav Tag
  - <nav>
    
    Navigation Links Container
    
    Primary Secondary Navigation
    
    Footer Navigation Links
- Main Tag
  - <main>
    
    Main Content of Page
    
    Only One Main per Page
    
    Skip to Main Link Accessibility
- Section Tag
  - <section>
    
    Thematic Grouping of Content
    
    Should Have Heading Inside
    
    About Us Section Contact Section
- Article Tag
  - <article>
    
    Self Contained Content
    
    Blog Post News Article
    
    Forum Post Comment
- Aside Tag
  - <aside>
    
    Sidebar Content
    
    Related Links Advertisement
    
    Pull Quote Author Bio
- Footer Tag
  - <footer>
    
    Footer Content Container
    
    Copyright Contact Links
    
    Multiple Footers Allowed
- Figure Tag
  - <figure>
    
    Illustrations Diagrams
- Figcaption Tag
  - <figcaption>
    
    Caption Inside Figure
- Time Tag
  - <time>
    
    Machine Readable Date Time
    
    datetime Attribute YYYY-MM-DD
- Mark Tag
  - <mark>
    
    Highlighted Text
- Details Summary
  - <details>
    
    Expandable Disclosure Widget
  - <summary>
    
    Visible Heading for Details
  - Open Attribute
    
    Start Expanded State
- Address Tag
  - <address>
    
    Contact Information Container
- Semantic vs Non Semantic
  - SEO Impact
    
    Semantic Better Rankings
  - Screen Readers
    
    Semantic Better Navigation
HTML HTML Entities
- Entities Introduction
  - Reserved Characters
    
    < > & " '
  - Why Entities
    
    Prevent HTML Parsing
HTML HTML Emojis
- Emoji Introduction
  - Emoji Support
    
    UTF-8 Required
- Emoji Methods
  - Decimal Code
    
    😀
  - Hexadecimal Code
    
    😀
  - Direct Copy Paste
    
    😀 Copy Emoji
- Smiley Emojis
  - Smiling Face
    
    😀 Grinning Face
  - Smiling Eyes
    
    😊 Smiling with Eyes
  - Tears of Joy
    
    😂 Face with Tears
  - Heart Eyes
    
    😍 Heart Eyes
  - Smiling Halo
    
    😇 Smiling Halo
  - Winking Face
    
    😉 Winking Face
  - Kissing Face
    
    😘 Kissing Face
- Emotion Emojis
  - Sad Face
    
    😢 Crying Face
  - Loud Cry
    
    😭 Loudly Crying
  - Angry Face
    
    😠 Angry Face
  - Pouting Face
    
    😡 Pouting Face
  - Dizzy Face
    
    😵 Dizzy Face
  - Exploding Head
    
    🤯 Exploding Head
- Hand Emojis
  - Thumbs Up
    
    👍 Thumbs Up
  - Thumbs Down
    
    👎 Thumbs Down
  - Clapping Hands
    
    👏 Clapping Hands
  - Folded Hands
    
    🙏 Folded Hands
  - OK Hand
    
    👌 OK Hand
  - Prayer Beads
    
    📿 Prayer Beads
- Heart Emojis
  - Red Heart
    
    ❤️ Red Heart
  - Orange Heart
    
    🧡 Orange Heart
  - Yellow Heart
    
    💛 Yellow Heart
  - Green Heart
    
    💚 Green Heart
  - Blue Heart
    
    💙 Blue Heart
  - Purple Heart
    
    💜 Purple Heart
  - Broken Heart
    
    💔 Broken Heart
  - Heart Exclamation
    
    ❤️‍🔥 Heart Exclamation
- Animal Emojis
  - Dog Face
    
    🐶 Dog Face
  - Cat Face
    
    🐱 Cat Face
  - Monkey Face
    
    🐵 Monkey Face
  - Panda Face
    
    🐼 Panda Face
  - Lion Face
    
    🦁 Lion Face
  - Tiger Face
    
    🐯 Tiger Face
  - Fox Face
    
    🦊 Fox Face
- Food Emojis
  - Pizza Slice
    
    🍕 Pizza Slice
  - Burger
    
    🍔 Hamburger
  - Fries
    
    🍟 French Fries
  - Ice Cream
    
    🍦 Ice Cream
  - Cake
    
    🍰 Cake
  - Apple
    
    🍎 Red Apple
- Flags Emojis
  - India Flag
    
    🇮🇳 India Flag
  - USA Flag
    
    🇺🇸 USA Flag
  - UK Flag
    
    🇬🇧 UK Flag
  - Canada Flag
    
    🇨🇦 Canada Flag
  - Australia Flag
    
    🇦🇺 Australia Flag
HTML HTML Charsets
- Character Sets
  - ASCII
    
    American Standard Code for Information Interchange
    
    128 Characters 0-127
  - ANSI
    
    Windows 1252 Default Windows
  - ISO-8859-1
    
    Latin 1 Western European
  - UTF-8
    
    Unicode 8 Bit Variable Length
    
    Supports All Languages
    
    Emoji Support
  - UTF-16
    
    Unicode 16 Bit Fixed Length
- Meta Charset
  - HTML4 Charset
    
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type">
  - HTML5 Charset
    
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
  - Charset Position
    
    Within First 1024 Bytes
HTML HTML URL Encode
- URL Encoding
  - Why Encode
    
    Convert Non ASCII Characters
  - Format
    
    Percent Sign Followed by Hex Code
  - Space
    
    %20 or Plus Sign
- Common Encodings
  - Forward Slash
    
    %2F
  - Colon
    
    %3A
  - Semicolon
    
    %3B
  - Equal Sign
    
    %3D
  - Question Mark
    
    %3F
  - Ampersand
    
    26%
  - Hash
    
    23%
  - Percent
    
    25%
HTML Forms
- Form Introduction
  - Form Element
    
    <form> for User Input
  - Purpose
    
    Collect Data from Users
  - Submission
    
    Send Data to Server
- Form Attributes
  - Action Attribute
    
    URL Where Form Data Sent
  - Method Attribute
    
    GET vs POST Method
  - GET Method
    
    Data in URL Visible
    
    Limited Data Size 2048 Characters
    
    Bookmarkable URLs
    
    Not for Sensitive Data
  - POST Method
    
    Data in Request Body Hidden
    
    No Size Limit
    
    Not Bookmarkable
    
    For Sensitive Data Passwords
  - Target Attribute
    
    _blank _self _parent _top
  - Enctype Attribute
    
    application/x-www-form-urlencoded Default
    
    multipart/form-data for File Upload
    
    text/plain for Debug
  - Novalidate Attribute
    
    Disable Browser Validation
  - Autocomplete Attribute
    
    on off for Form
  - Name Attribute
    
    Form Name for JavaScript
- Form Elements
  - Input Element
    
    <input> Most Versatile
  - Textarea Element
    
    <textarea> Multi-line Text
  - Select Element
    
    <select> Dropdown List
  - Option Element
    
    <option> Dropdown Items
  - Optgroup Element
    
    <optgroup> Group Options
  - Button Element
    
    <button> Clickable Button
  - Label Element
    
    <label> Input Description
  - Fieldset Element
    
    <fieldset> Group Related Fields
  - Legend Element
    
    <legend> Fieldset Caption
  - Datalist Element
    
    <datalist> Autocomplete Options
  - Output Element
    
    <output> Result Display
- Input Types
  - Text Type
    
    type="text" Single Line Text
  - Password Type
    
    type="password" Masked Input
  - Email Type
    
    type="email" Email Validation
  - Number Type
    
    type="number" Numeric Input
  - Range Type
    
    type="range" Slider Control
  - Date Type
    
    type="date" Date Picker
  - Time Type
    
    type="time" Time Picker
  - Datetime Local
    
    type="datetime-local" Date Time Picker
  - Month Type
    
    type="month" Month Picker
  - Week Type
    
    type="week" Week Picker
  - Color Type
    
    type="color" Color Picker
  - Checkbox Type
    
    type="checkbox" Multiple Selection
  - Radio Type
    
    type="radio" Single Selection
  - File Type
    
    type="file" File Upload
  - Submit Type
    
    type="submit" Submit Button
  - Reset Type
    
    type="reset" Reset Form
  - Button Type
    
    type="button" Custom Button
  - Hidden Type
    
    type="hidden" Hidden Field
  - Image Type
    
    type="image" Image as Submit
  - Search Type
    
    type="search" Search Field
  - Tel Type
    
    type="tel" Telephone Number
  - URL Type
    
    type="url" Website URL
- Input Attributes
  - Name Attribute
    
    Form Data Key Name
  - Value Attribute
    
    Default Value
  - Placeholder Attribute
    
    Hint Text
  - Required Attribute
    
    Field Mandatory
  - Readonly Attribute
    
    Cannot Edit
  - Disabled Attribute
    
    Cannot Interact
  - Autofocus Attribute
    
    Auto Focus on Load
  - Size Attribute
    
    Input Width Characters
  - Maxlength Attribute
    
    Maximum Characters
  - Minlength Attribute
    
    Minimum Characters
  - Min Attribute
    
    Minimum Number Date
  - Max Attribute
    
    Maximum Number Date
  - Step Attribute
    
    Number Increment Step
  - Pattern Attribute
    
    Regex Validation
  - Autocomplete Attribute
    
    on off for Input
  - Multiple Attribute
    
    Multiple File Selection
  - Form Attribute
    
    Associate with Form ID
  - Formaction Attribute
    
    Override Form Action
  - Formmethod Attribute
    
    Override Form Method
  - Formnovalidate
    
    Override Novalidate
  - List Attribute
    
    Datalist ID Connection
- Textarea Attributes
  - Textarea Name
    
    Name Attribute
  - Textarea Rows
    
    Number of Visible Rows
  - Textarea Cols
    
    Number of Visible Columns
  - Textarea Wrap
    
    Soft Hard Wrap Style
  - Textarea Placeholder
    
    Hint Text
  - Textarea Maxlength
    
    Maximum Characters
- Select Attributes
  - Select Name
    
    Name for Form Submission
  - Select Size
    
    Number Visible Options
  - Select Multiple
    
    Multiple Selection Allowed
  - Option Value
    
    Value Sent to Server
  - Option Selected
    
    Pre-selected Option
  - Option Disabled
    
    Disable Specific Option
  - Optgroup Label
    
    Group Heading
  - Optgroup Disabled
    
    Disable Entire Group
- Button Attributes
  - Button Type
    
    Submit Reset Button
  - Button Name
    
    Form Data Key
  - Button Value
    
    Form Data Value
  - Button Disabled
    
    Disable Button
  - Formaction
    
    Override Submit URL
  - Formmethod
    
    Override HTTP Method
- Label Attributes
  - Label For
    
    Connect to Input ID
  - Label Accessibility
    
    Screen Reader Support
  - Click Label Focus Input
    
    Better UX
- Fieldset Legend
  - Fieldset Border
    
    Group Visual Border
  - Fieldset Disabled
    
    Disable All Inside
  - Legend Styling
    
    Customize Legend Look
- Datalist
  - Datalist ID
    
    Referenced by Input List
  - Option Value
    
    Autocomplete Suggestion
  - Option Label
    
    Display Text Different from Value
- Form Validation
  - HTML5 Validation
    
    Browser Built-in
  - Required Validation
    
    Field Must Fill
  - Email Validation
    
    Automatic Email Check
  - Number Validation
    
    Min Max Step Check
  - Pattern Validation
    
    Regex Custom Check
  - Validation Styling
    
    :valid :invalid Pseudo Classes
  - Custom Validation
    
    JavaScript Validity API
  - Validation Message
    
    setCustomValidity Method
- Form Examples
  - Login Form
    
    Username and Password
  - Registration Form
    
    Name Email Password Phone
  - Contact Form
    
    Name Email Message Subject
  - Feedback Form
    
    Rating Comments Suggestion
  - Search Form
    
    Search Box with Submit
  - Newsletter Form
    
    Email Subscribe Unsubscribe
  - Payment Form
    
    Credit Card Details
  - Address Form
    
    Street City State Zip
  - Survey Form
    
    Radio Checkbox Select Inputs
  - File Upload Form
    
    Profile Picture Upload
- Form Styling
  - CSS Input Styling
    
    Input Padding Border Radius
  - CSS Input Focus
    
    Focus Ring Color Change
  - CSS Invalid Input
    
    Red Border on Error
  - CSS Submit Button
    
    Button Hover Effects
  - Responsive Form
    
    Full Width on Mobile
- Form Accessibility
  - ARIA Labels
    
    aria-label for Icon Inputs
  - ARIA Required
    
    aria-required="true"
  - Error Announcement
    
    aria-live="assertive"
  - Fieldset Legend
    
    Group Related Inputs
HTML Graphics
- Canvas Introduction
  - Canvas Element
    
    <canvas> for Drawing
  - Canvas Size
    
    Width Height Attributes
  - Fallback Content
    
    Text for Old Browsers
- Canvas vs SVG
  - Canvas Bitmap
    
    Pixel Based Drawing
  - SVG Vector
    
    Math Based Drawing
  - Canvas Use Case
    
    Games Animations
  - SVG Use Case
    
    Logos Icons Illustrations
- Canvas JavaScript
  - Get Context
    
    canvas.getContext("2d")
  - 2D Context
    
    CanvasRenderingContext2D Object
- Canvas Shapes
  - Rects
    
    fillRect strokeRect clearRect
  - Rounded Rect
    
    Context fillRect with Rounding
- Canvas Lines
  - Begin Path
    
    context.beginPath()
  - Move To
    
    context.moveTo(x
  - Line To
    
    context.lineTo(x
  - Stroke
    
    context.stroke()
- Canvas Circles
  - Arc Method
    
    context.arc(x
  - Full Circle
    
    0 to 2 * Math.PI
- Canvas Colors
  - Fill Style
    
    context.fillStyle = "red"
  - Stroke Style
    
    context.strokeStyle = "blue"
  - Gradient
    
    createLinearGradient createRadialGradient
- Canvas Text
  - Fill Text
    
    context.fillText("text"
  - Stroke Text
    
    context.strokeText("text"
  - Font Size
    
    context.font = "30px Arial"
- Canvas Images
  - Draw Image
    
    context.drawImage(image
  - Image Scaling
    
    context.drawImage(image
- Canvas Transformations
  - Translate
    
    context.translate(x
  - Rotate
    
    context.rotate(angle)
  - Scale
    
    context.scale(x
  - Save Restore
    
    context.save() context.restore()
- Canvas Animations
  - Request Animation Frame
    
    window.requestAnimationFrame
  - Clear Canvas
    
    context.clearRect(0
- Canvas Examples
  - Drawing Circle
    
    Simple Circle Drawing
  - Smiley Face
    
    Face with Eyes Smile
  - Rectangle Shape
    
    Filled Rectangle
  - Line Drawing
    
    Straight Diagonal Lines
  - Colorful Gradient
    
    Linear Gradient Fill
  - Animated Square
    
    Moving Square Animation
  - Bouncing Ball
    
    Ball Physics Animation
- SVG Introduction
  - SVG Element
    
    <svg> for Vector Graphics
  - ViewBox
    
    Coordinate System Definition
  - Width Height
    
    Canvas Size
- SVG Shapes
  - Rectangle
    
    <rect> x y width height
  - Rectangle Rounded
    
    rx ry Attributes
  - Circle
    
    <circle> cx cy r
  - Ellipse
    
    <ellipse> cx cy rx ry
  - Line
    
    <line> x1 y1 x2 y2
  - Polyline
    
    <polyline> points="x1
  - Polygon
    
    <polygon> points="x1
- SVG Path
  - Path Element
    
    <path> d Attribute
  - Move To
    
    M x y
  - Line To
    
    L x y
  - Horizontal Line
    
    H x
  - Vertical Line
    
    V y
  - Close Path
    
    Z
  - Arc
    
    A rx ry x-axis-rotation large-arc sweep x y
  - Quadratic Bezier
    
    Q x1 y1 x y
  - Cubic Bezier
    
    C x1 y1 x2 y2 x y
- SVG Text
  - Text Element
    
    <text> x y
  - Text Styling
    
    fill font-size font-family
  - Text Path
    
    <textPath> Along Path
- SVG Styling
  - Fill Color
    
    fill="red"
  - Stroke Color
    
    stroke="blue"
  - Stroke Width
    
    stroke-width="2"
  - Opacity
    
    fill-opacity stroke-opacity opacity
- SVG Group
  - Group Element
    
    <g> Group Shapes
- SVG Transform
  - Translate
    
    transform="translate(x
  - Rotate
    
    transform="rotate(angle)"
  - Scale
    
    transform="scale(x
- SVG Examples
  - Simple Circle
    
    Red Circle SVG
  - Flag SVG
    
    Indian Flag Tricolor
  - Logo SVG
    
    Company Logo Design
  - Icon SVG
    
    Heart Star Icon
  - Chart SVG
    
    Bar Chart Pie Chart
- SVG Animation
  - SMIL Animation
    
    <animate> Inside SVG
- WebGPU API
  - WebGPU
    
    Next Gen Graphics API
  - GPUDevice
    
    GPU Device Request
  - GPUCanvasContext
    
    Canvas Context
  - GPURenderPipeline
    
    Render Pipeline
  - GPUComputePipeline
    
    Compute Pipeline
  - GPUCommandEncoder
    
    Command Encoding
  - GPUBuffer
    
    GPU Buffer
  - GPUTexture
    
    GPU Texture
  - WebGPU vs WebGL
    
    Performance Comparison
- WebGL 2.0
  - WebGL2RenderingContext
    
    WebGL 2.0 Context
  - Sampler Objects
    
    Texture Sampling
  - 3D Textures
    
    Volume Textures
  - Transform Feedback
    
    GPU Data Feedback
  - Uniform Buffer Objects
    
    Uniform Buffers
  - Vertex Array Objects
    
    VAO Support
- WebXR API
  - WebXR Device API
    
    AR VR on Web
  - XRSession
    
    Create XR Session
  - XRFrame
    
    Get XR Frame Data
  - XRViewerPose
    
    Get Viewer Pose
  - XRInputSource
    
    Handle Controller Input
  - XRWebGLLayer
    
    WebGL Integration
  - Augmented Reality
    
    AR on Web
  - Virtual Reality
    
    VR on Web
  - Hit Testing
    
    AR Hit Testing
  - Plane Detection
    
    AR Plane Detection
  - Hand Tracking
    
    Hand Tracking Support
  - Light Estimation
    
    AR Light Estimation
  - Immersive Web
    
    Immersive Experiences
HTML Media
- Video Element
  - <video>
    
    Video Player Embed
- Video Attributes
  - Src Attribute
    
    Video File URL
  - Controls Attribute
    
    Show Play Pause Volume
  - Autoplay Attribute
    
    Start Playing Automatically
  - Loop Attribute
    
    Repeat Video
  - Muted Attribute
    
    Start Muted for Autoplay
  - Poster Attribute
    
    Thumbnail Image Before Play
  - Preload Attribute
    
    Load Video on Page Load
  - Width Height
    
    Video Player Dimensions
- Video Source
  - Source Element
    
    <source> Multiple Formats
  - MP4 Format
    
    MP4 H.264 Best Support
  - WebM Format
    
    WebM VP8 VP9 Open Source
  - OGG Format
    
    OGG Theora
  - Type Attribute
    
    Video/mp4 video/webm
- Video Methods
  - JavaScript Control
    
    play() pause() load()
- Video Properties
  - Current Time
    
    currentTime Property
  - Duration
    
    duration Property
  - Volume
    
    volume Property 0 to 1
- Video Events
  - Onloadedmetadata
    
    Video Metadata Loaded
  - Onplay
    
    Video Started Playing
  - Onpause
    
    Video Paused
  - Onended
    
    Video Finished
  - Onerror
    
    Video Error Occurred
- Video Styling
  - Border Radius
    
    Rounded Video Player
  - Box Shadow
    
    Shadow Effect on Video
  - Object Fit
    
    Cover Contain Fill
- Video Responsive
  - Responsive Video
    
    Width 100% Height Auto
  - Aspect Ratio
    
    16:9 Aspect Ratio Container
  - Padding Trick
    
    Padding Bottom 56.25%
- Audio Element
  - <audio>
    
    Audio Player Embed
- Audio Attributes
  - Controls Attribute
    
    Show Play Pause
  - Autoplay Attribute
    
    Play Automatically
  - Loop Attribute
    
    Repeat Audio
  - Muted Attribute
    
    Start Muted
  - Preload Attribute
    
    Load Audio
- Audio Source
  - MP3 Format
    
    MP3 Best Compatibility
  - OGG Format
    
    OGG Vorbis
  - WAV Format
    
    WAV Uncompressed
- Audio Methods
  - JavaScript Control
    
    play() pause()
- Audio Properties
  - CurrentTime
    
    Seek Audio Position
- YouTube Embed
  - YouTube Iframe
    
    Embed YouTube Videos
  - YouTube URL Format
    
    https://youtube.com/embed/VIDEO_ID
  - YouTube Parameters
    
    autoplay=1&mute=1
    
    controls=0 Hide Controls
    
    loop=1 playlist=ID
    
    modestbranding=1
    
    rel=0 No Related Videos
HTML APIs
- Web Storage Introduction
  - Local Storage
    
    Store Data in Browser
  - Session Storage
    
    Temporary Session Data
  - Cookies vs Storage
    
    Comparison
- Local Storage
  - Set Item
    
    localStorage.setItem('key'
  - Get Item
    
    localStorage.getItem('key')
  - Remove Item
    
    localStorage.removeItem('key')
  - Clear All
    
    localStorage.clear()
  - Store Objects
    
    JSON.stringify() JSON.parse()
  - Check Support
    
    typeof(Storage) !== undefined
  - Storage Limit
    
    5-10 MB per Domain
  - Data Persistence
    
    Stays Until Manually Cleared
- Session Storage
  - Set Item
    
    sessionStorage.setItem('key'
  - Get Item
    
    sessionStorage.getItem('key')
  - Remove Item
    
    sessionStorage.removeItem('key')
  - Clear All
    
    sessionStorage.clear()
  - Tab Specific
    
    Data Per Tab Window
  - Session End
    
    Cleared on Browser Close
- Storage Events
  - Storage Event
    
    Triggered on Storage Change
  - Event Properties
    
    key oldValue newValue url
  - Cross Tab Communication
    
    Multiple Tabs Sync
- Geolocation API
  - Introduction
    
    Get User Location
  - Browser Support
    
    Check navigator.geolocation
  - Privacy
    
    User Permission Required
- Get Current Position
  - Success Callback
    
    Position Object Returned
  - Error Callback
    
    Handle Permission Denied
  - Options Object
    
    Enable High Accuracy
- Position Object
  - Latitude
    
    coords.latitude
  - Longitude
    
    coords.longitude
  - Altitude
    
    coords.altitude
  - Accuracy
    
    coords.accuracy Meters
  - Speed
    
    coords.speed
  - Timestamp
    
    position.timestamp
- Watch Position
  - watchPosition()
    
    Continuous Location Updates
  - clearWatch()
    
    Stop Watching Location
- Geolocation Errors
  - Permission Denied
    
    User Denied Location Access
  - Position Unavailable
    
    Location Unavailable
  - Timeout
    
    Request Timed Out
- Map Integration
  - Google Maps API
    
    Embed with Iframe
  - Leaflet JS
    
    Open Source Maps
  - Show User Location
    
    Map Centered on User
- Drag and Drop API
  - Introduction
    
    Drag and Drop Elements
  - Draggable Attribute
    
    draggable="true"
  - draggable
    
    Make Element Draggable
  - dragstart
    
    drag
  - dragenter
    
    dragover
  - setData
    
    Set Drag Data
  - getData
    
    Get Drag Data
  - File Drag and Drop
    
    Drop Files from Desktop
- Drag and Drop Events
  - Dragstart Event
    
    Fires When Drag Starts
  - Drag Event
    
    Fires During Drag
  - Dragend Event
    
    Fires When Drag Ends
  - Dragenter Event
    
    Drag Enters Drop Target
  - Dragover Event
    
    Drag Over Drop Target
  - Dragleave Event
    
    Drag Leaves Drop Target
  - Drop Event
    
    Fires When Dropped
- Drag and Drop Data
  - setData()
    
    Store Drag Data
  - getData()
    
    Retrieve Drag Data
  - Data Types
    
    text/plain text/html
- Drag and Drop Images
  - Default Drag
    
    Images Draggable by Default
- Drag and Drop Files
  - File Drag and Drop
    
    Desktop to Browser
- Web Workers
  - Introduction
    
    Background Script Threads
  - Main Thread
    
    UI Thread Non Blocking
  - Worker Thread
    
    Separate Background Thread
  - Create Worker
    
    new Worker('worker.js')
  - Post Message
    
    worker.postMessage(data)
  - On Message
    
    worker.onmessage = function(e)
  - Terminate Worker
    
    worker.terminate()
  - Error Handling
    
    worker.onerror
  - Dedicated Worker
    
    Single Page Worker
  - Shared Worker
    
    Multiple Pages Share
  - Worker Limitations
    
    No DOM Access
    
    No Window Object
    
    Limited API Access
  - Use Cases
    
    Heavy Calculations
    
    Image Processing
    
    Data Processing
- Server Sent Events
  - Introduction
    
    One Way Server to Client
  - EventSource Object
    
    new EventSource(url)
  - On Message
    
    eventSource.onmessage
  - Event Types
    
    Custom Events with Data
  - Error Handling
    
    eventSource.onerror
  - Close Connection
    
    eventSource.close()
  - vs WebSocket
    
    One Way vs Two Way
  - Use Cases
    
    Real Time Notifications
    
    Live Scores Stock Prices
- History API
  - pushState()
    
    Change URL Without Reload
    
    Add History Entry
  - replaceState()
    
    Replace Current URL
    
    Replace Current History
  - popstate Event
    
    Fires on Back Forward
  - State Object
    
    Store Data with URL
  - SPA Navigation
    
    Single Page App Routing
  - popstate
    
    Pop State Event
  - state
    
    Get State Object
  - SPA Routing
    
    Client Side Routing
- Canvas API
  - getContext()
    
    2d webgl
  - drawImage()
    
    Render Images on Canvas
  - getImageData()
    
    Pixel Data Access
  - putImageData()
    
    Draw Pixel Data
  - toDataURL()
    
    Export as Image
- Fullscreen API
  - requestFullscreen()
    
    Full Screen Mode
    
    Enter Fullscreen Mode
  - exitFullscreen()
    
    Exit Full Screen
    
    Exit Fullscreen Mode
  - fullscreenchange Event
    
    Fullscreen Toggle
    
    Fullscreen Toggle Event
  - fullscreenElement
    
    Check Fullscreen Element
    
    Get Fullscreen Element
  - fullscreenEnabled
    
    Check Fullscreen Support
  - Video Player Fullscreen
    
    Fullscreen Video
  - Game Fullscreen
    
    Fullscreen Game
- Clipboard API
  - writeText()
    
    Copy Text to Clipboard
  - readText()
    
    Paste Text from Clipboard
  - Permissions
    
    Requires User Permission
  - navigator.clipboard
    
    Async Clipboard Access
  - write
    
    Copy Rich Content
  - read
    
    Paste Rich Content
  - ClipboardItem
    
    Clipboard Data Item
  - Permission Required
    
    Clipboard Permission
  - Copy Image
    
    Copy Image to Clipboard
- Notifications API
  - requestPermission()
    
    Ask Notification Permission
    
    Request Notification Permission
  - new Notification()
    
    Show Desktop Notification
  - Notification Options
    
    Body Icon Tag
  - onclick Event
    
    Notification Click Handler
  - Notification
    
    Create Notification
  - close
    
    Close Notification
  - onclick
    
    Notification Click Handler
  - onclose
    
    Notification Close Handler
  - PermissionState
    
    Notification Permission State
  - Silent Notification
    
    Silent Push Notifications
- Page Visibility API
  - document.hidden
    
    Page Hidden Check
    
    Check Page Hidden
  - visibilitychange Event
    
    Tab Switch Detection
    
    Visibility Change Event
  - Use Cases
    
    Pause Video on Tab Switch
  - document.visibilityState
    
    Get Visibility State
  - Pause Video on Tab Switch
    
    Pause Media
  - Stop Animation on Tab Switch
    
    Save CPU
- Battery Status API
  - navigator.getBattery()
    
    Battery Information
    
    Get Battery Info
  - charging
    
    Is Battery Charging
    
    Check Battery Charging
  - chargingTime
    
    Get Charging Time
  - dischargingTime
    
    Get Discharging Time
  - level
    
    Get Battery Level
  - chargingchange Event
    
    Charging Change Event
  - levelchange Event
    
    Battery Level Change
- Battery StatusAPI
  - level
    
    Battery Percentage 0-1
- Network Information API
  - navigator.connection
    
    Network Info
    
    Get Network Info
  - effectiveType
    
    4g 3g 2g slow-2g
    
    Get Connection Type 4g 3g
  - downlink
    
    Download Speed Mbps
    
    Get Download Speed
  - rtt
    
    Get Round Trip Time
  - change Event
    
    Network Change Event
  - Adaptive Loading
    
    Load Based on Network
- Vibration API
  - navigator.vibrate()
    
    Device Vibration
    
    Vibrate Device
  - Vibration Pattern
    
    vibrate([200
    
    Vibrate Pattern Array
  - cancel
    
    Cancel Vibration
  - Game Haptics
    
    Game Vibration Feedback
- Sensor APIs
  - Accelerometer
    
    Device Motion Detection
  - Gyroscope
    
    Device Orientation
- Payment Request API
  - Payment Request
    
    Web Payments
  - show()
    
    Show Native Payment UI
    
    Show Payment UI
  - PaymentRequest
    
    Create Payment Request
  - abort
    
    Abort Payment
  - canMakePayment
    
    Check Payment Availability
  - PaymentResponse
    
    Handle Payment Response
  - complete
    
    Complete Payment Transaction
  - Basic Card Payment
    
    Basic Card Support
  - Google Pay Integration
    
    Google Pay API
  - Apple Pay Integration
    
    Apple Pay API
- Credential Management API
  - navigator.credentials
    
    Password Management
  - store()
    
    Save User Credentials
    
    Store Credential
  - get
    
    Get Credential
  - preventSilentAccess
    
    Prevent Silent Access
  - Password Storage
    
    Save User Password
  - Password AutoFill
    
    Autofill Credentials
- Web Speech API
  - Speech Recognition
    
    Speech to Text
  - Speech Synthesis
    
    Text to Speech
  - Synth
    
    speechSynthesis.speak()
  - SpeechRecognition
    
    Speech Recognition Interface
  - SpeechGrammar
    
    Speech Grammar Definition
  - SpeechRecognitionEvent
    
    Recognition Event
  - SpeechRecognitionAlternative
    
    Alternative Results
  - SpeechSynthesis
    
    Text to Speech Interface
  - SpeechSynthesisUtterance
    
    Speech Utterance Object
  - speak
    
    Speak Text
  - cancel
    
    Cancel Speech
  - pause
    
    Pause Speech
  - resume
    
    Resume Speech
  - getVoices
    
    Get Available Voices
  - Voice Recognition
    
    Voice Command App
  - Screen Reader
    
    Built-in Screen Reader
- WebRTC API
  - getUserMedia
    
    Access Camera Microphone
  - RTCPeerConnection
    
    Peer to Peer Connection
    
    P2P Connection Establishment
  - Video Chat
    
    Real Time Communication
  - MediaDevices
    
    Device Enumeration
  - addIceCandidate
    
    ICE Candidate Exchange
  - createOffer
    
    Create SDP Offer
  - createAnswer
    
    Create SDP Answer
  - setLocalDescription
    
    Set Local SDP
  - setRemoteDescription
    
    Set Remote SDP
  - DataChannel
    
    P2P Data Transfer
  - Video Call Implementation
    
    Real Time Video Call
  - Screen Sharing
    
    getDisplayMedia API
- WebUSB API
  - requestDevice
    
    Request USB Device
  - open
    
    Open USB Connection
  - selectConfiguration
    
    Select USB Configuration
  - claimInterface
    
    Claim USB Interface
  - controlTransferOut
    
    Send Control Transfer
  - transferIn
    
    Receive Data from USB
  - transferOut
    
    Send Data to USB
- WebSerial API
  - requestPort
    
    Request Serial Port
  - open
    
    Open Serial Connection
  - readable
    
    Read Data Stream
  - writable
    
    Write Data Stream
  - Arduino Connection
    
    Connect Arduino via Serial
- WebHID API
  - requestDevice
    
    Request HID Device
  - open
    
    Open HID Connection
  - sendReport
    
    Send HID Report
  - receiveReport
    
    Receive HID Report
  - Gamepad Support
    
    Connect Gamepad
- Web Bluetooth API
  - requestDevice
    
    Request Bluetooth Device
  - gatt
    
    Connect GATT Server
  - getPrimaryService
    
    Get Bluetooth Service
  - getCharacteristic
    
    Get Characteristic
  - readValue
    
    Read Bluetooth Value
  - writeValue
    
    Write Bluetooth Value
  - startNotifications
    
    Start Notifications
- Web MIDI API
  - requestMIDIAccess
    
    Request MIDI Access
  - MIDIInput
    
    MIDI Input Device
  - MIDIOutput
    
    MIDI Output Device
  - onmidimessage
    
    MIDI Message Event
  - Keyboard Connection
    
    Connect MIDI Keyboard
- Web Locks API
  - request
    
    Request Lock
  - query
    
    Query Lock State
  - Cross Tab Coordination
    
    Prevent Concurrent Access
- File System Access API
  - showOpenFilePicker
    
    Open File Picker
  - showSaveFilePicker
    
    Save File Picker
  - showDirectoryPicker
    
    Open Directory Picker
  - getFile
    
    Get File Handle
  - createWritable
    
    Create Writable Stream
  - write
    
    Write to File
  - close
    
    Close File Handle
  - remove
    
    Delete File
  - Local File Editor
    
    Build Text Editor
- Idle Detection API
  - IdleDetector
    
    Detect User Idle State
  - requestPermission
    
    Request Idle Permission
  - threshold
    
    Set Idle Threshold
- Keyboard Lock API
  - keyboard.lock
    
    Lock Modifier Keys
  - keyboard.unlock
    
    Release Keyboard Lock
  - Kiosk Mode
    
    Fullscreen Kiosk Application
- Pointer Lock API
  - requestPointerLock
    
    Lock Mouse Pointer
  - exitPointerLock
    
    Exit Pointer Lock
  - movementX
    
    mouse Movement X
  - movementY
    
    mouse Movement Y
  - First Person Game
    
    Camera Control
- Screen Wake Lock API
  - wakeLock.request
    
    Prevent Screen Sleep
  - release
    
    Release Wake Lock
  - Video Player
    
    Keep Screen On During Video
- Screen Orientation API
  - screen.orientation.type
    
    Get Orientation Type
  - screen.orientation.lock
    
    Lock Screen Rotation
  - screen.orientation.unlock
    
    Unlock Screen Rotation
  - orientationchange Event
    
    Detect Orientation Change
- Device Orientation API
  - deviceorientation
    
    Get Device Tilt
  - deviceorientationabsolute
    
    Get Absolute Orientation
  - devicemotion
    
    Get Device Acceleration
  - rotationRate
    
    Get Rotation Speed
  - acceleration
    
    Get Acceleration Data
  - interval
    
    Update Interval
  - Permission Required
    
    Sensor Permissions
  - Gyroscope Access
    
    Access Gyroscope
- Web Audio API
  - AudioContext
    
    Audio Processing Graph
  - OscillatorNode
    
    Generate Sound Wave
  - GainNode
    
    Control Volume
  - StereoPannerNode
    
    Pan Left Right
  - AnalyserNode
    
    Audio Visualization
  - BiquadFilterNode
    
    Audio Filter EQ
  - ConvolverNode
    
    Reverb Effect
  - DynamicsCompressorNode
    
    Compression Effect
  - DelayNode
    
    Echo Effect
  - MediaElementSource
    
    Audio from Video
  - MediaStreamAudioSource
    
    Microphone Input
  - createMediaStreamDestination
    
    Record Audio
  - Audio Visualization
    
    Audio Spectrum Analyzer
- MediaRecorder API
  - MediaRecorder
    
    Record Media Stream
  - start
    
    Start Recording
  - stop
    
    Stop Recording
  - pause
    
    Pause Recording
  - resume
    
    Resume Recording
  - ondataavailable
    
    Get Recorded Data
  - mimeType
    
    Set Recording Format
  - audioBitsPerSecond
    
    Audio Quality
  - videoBitsPerSecond
    
    Video Quality
  - Screen Recorder
    
    Record Screen
- MediaStream API
  - getUserMedia
    
    Access Camera Mic
  - getDisplayMedia
    
    Screen Share
  - MediaStreamTrack
    
    Individual Track Control
  - getTracks
    
    Get All Tracks
  - clone
    
    Clone Media Stream
  - addTrack
    
    Add Track to Stream
  - removeTrack
    
    Remove Track from Stream
  - Video Recorder
    
    Record Video
- Payment Handler API
  - PaymentHandler
    
    Register Payment Handler
  - canMakePayment
    
    Check Payment Availability
  - handlePayment
    
    Handle Payment Request
- Digital Goods API
  - getDetails
    
    Get Product Details
  - listProducts
    
    List Available Products
  - acknowledge
    
    Acknowledge Purchase
  - consume
    
    Consume Purchase
- Secure Payment Confirmation
  - SecurePaymentConfirmation
    
    Biometric Auth Payment
  - isSecurePaymentConfirmationAvailable
    
    Check Availability
  - WebAuthn Integration
    
    WebAuthn for Payment
- Web Share API
  - navigator.share
    
    Share Content
  - Share Data
    
    Title Text URL
  - Share Files
    
    Share Images Documents
  - canShare
    
    Check Share Availability
- Web Share Target API
  - Web Share Target
    
    Receive Shared Content
  - manifest.json
    
    Share Target Registration
  - Shared Content Handling
    
    Handle Shared Data
- Web Transport API
  - WebTransport
    
    Web Transport Connection
  - datagrams
    
    Unreliable Datagrams
  - streams
    
    Reliable Streams
  - WebTransport API vs WebSocket
    
    Comparison
- Web Codecs API
  - VideoEncoder
    
    Encode Video Frames
  - VideoDecoder
    
    Decode Video Frames
  - AudioEncoder
    
    Encode Audio
  - AudioDecoder
    
    Decode Audio
  - Low Latency Video
    
    Real Time Video Processing
- View Transitions API
  - document.startViewTransition
    
    Start View Transition
  - ViewTransition
    
    Transition Object
  - updateCallback
    
    DOM Update Callback
  - finished
    
    Transition Finished Promise
  - ready
    
    Transition Ready Promise
  - skipTransition
    
    Skip Transition Animation
  - SPA Transitions
    
    Single Page App Transitions
  - MPA Transitions
    
    Multi Page App Transitions
- Popover API
  - popover attribute
    
    Popover Element Declaration
  - popovertarget
    
    Popover Target Link
  - popovertargetaction
    
    Show Hide Toggle Action
  - showPopover
    
    Show Popover Method
  - hidePopover
    
    Hide Popover Method
  - togglePopover
    
    Toggle Popover Method
  - beforetoggle Event
    
    Before Toggle Event
  - toggle Event
    
    Toggle Event
  - Popover vs Dialog
    
    Comparison
- Dialog Element
  - showModal
    
    Show Modal Dialog
  - show
    
    Show Non Modal Dialog
  - close
    
    Close Dialog
  - returnValue
    
    Dialog Return Value
  - Modal Dialog
    
    Modal Implementation
- Details Summary
  - open Attribute
    
    Expand by Default
  - name Attribute
    
    Exclusive Accordion Group
- Navigation API
  - navigate
    
    Navigate Event
  - back
    
    Go Back
  - forward
    
    Go Forward
  - traverseTo
    
    Navigate to Key
  - currentEntry
    
    Get Current Navigation Entry
- Sanitizer API
  - Sanitizer
    
    HTML Sanitization
  - sanitize
    
    Sanitize HTML String
  - sanitizeFor
    
    Sanitize for Element
  - setHTML
    
    Set Sanitized HTML
  - XSS Prevention
    
    Prevent Cross Site Scripting
- Trusted Types API
  - TrustedTypePolicy
    
    Create Trusted Policy
  - createPolicy
    
    Create Policy
  - TrustedHTML
    
    Trusted HTML Object
  - TrustedScript
    
    Trusted Script Object
  - TrustedScriptURL
    
    Trusted Script URL
  - DOM XSS Prevention
    
    Prevent DOM Based XSS
- Permission API
  - navigator.permissions
    
    Query Permission Status
  - query
    
    Query Permission
  - request
    
    Request Permission
  - revoke
    
    Revoke Permission
  - Permissions List
    
    Geolocation Notifications Camera
- Reporting API
  - ReportingObserver
    
    Observe Reports
  - Report
    
    Report Object
  - Report Types
    
    Deprecation Intervention Crash
  - Report Endpoint
    
    Report Delivery Endpoint
- Intersection Observer API
  - IntersectionObserver
    
    Observe Element Visibility
  - observe
    
    Start Observing Element
  - unobserve
    
    Stop Observing Element
  - threshold
    
    Visibility Threshold
  - rootMargin
    
    Root Margin
  - Lazy Loading Images
    
    Lazy Load Implementation
  - Infinite Scroll
    
    Infinite Scroll Implementation
- Resize Observer API
  - ResizeObserver
    
    Observe Element Resize
  - observe
    
    Start Observing Resize
  - unobserve
    
    Stop Observing Resize
  - Responsive Components
    
    Component Based Responsive
- Mutation Observer API
  - MutationObserver
    
    Observe DOM Changes
  - observe
    
    Start Observing DOM
  - attributes
    
    Observe Attribute Changes
  - childList
    
    Observe Child Changes
  - subtree
    
    Observe Subtree Changes
  - DOM Change Tracking
    
    Track DOM Modifications
- FedCM
  - Federated Credential Management
    
    Identity Federation API
  - Identity Provider API
    
    Login with Google Facebook
  - IdP Sign In
    
    Identity Provider Sign In
HTML Accessibility
- Introduction
  - Web Accessibility
    
    Accessible Websites
  - WCAG
    
    Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
  - WAI-ARIA
    
    Accessible Rich Internet Applications
  - Screen Readers
    
    JAWS NVDA VoiceOver TalkBack
- Semantic HTML
  - Use Semantic Tags
    
    Header Nav Main Footer
  - Avoid Div Spam
    
    Use Meaningful Elements
- Alt Text
  - Images Alt Attribute
    
    Describe Image Purpose
  - Decorative Images
    
    Empty Alt Alt=""
  - Complex Images
    
    Long Description Nearby
- Headings
  - Proper Heading Order
    
    H1 then H2 then H3
  - No Skipping Levels
    
    H1 to H3 Not H4
  - One H1 Per Page
    
    Page Main Title
- Links
  - Descriptive Link Text
    
    Avoid Click Here
  - Link Purpose
    
    Understand Out of Context
  - Open in New Tab
    
    Notify User
- Forms
  - Label Elements
    
    Label For Input ID
  - Fieldset Legend
    
    Group Related Fields
  - Error Messages
    
    Clear Error Description
  - Focus Indicators
    
    Visible Focus Outline
  - ARIA Required
    
    aria-required="true"
- ARIA Attributes
  - ARIA Label
    
    aria-label for Icon Buttons
  - ARIA Labelledby
    
    aria-labelledby="id"
  - ARIA Describedby
    
    aria-describedby="id"
  - ARIA Expanded
    
    aria-expanded for Dropdowns
  - ARIA Hidden
    
    aria-hidden="true" Hide from Screen Readers
  - ARIA Live
    
    aria-live="polite assertive"
- ARIA Roles
  - Landmark Roles
    
    banner navigation main complementary contentinfo
  - Widget Roles
    
    button tab slider checkbox
  - Document Roles
    
    article heading img list
- Color Contrast
  - Minimum Ratio
    
    4.5:1 for Normal Text
  - Large Text Ratio
    
    3:1 for Large Text
  - Non Text Ratio
    
    3:1 for UI Components
  - Color Blindness
    
    Don't Rely Only on Color
- Keyboard Navigation
  - Tab Index
    
    tabindex="0" for Focusable
  - Skip to Content
    
    Link at Top to Skip Navigation
  - Focus Order
    
    Logical Tab Order
  - Focus Trap
    
    Modal Dialog Focus Loop
  - No Keyboard Trap
    
    Focus Always Movable
- Screen Reader Only
  - CSS Class
    
    Visually Hidden Text
  - Offscreen
    
    Position Absolute Off Screen
- Responsive Accessibility
  - Text Resize
    
    200% Zoom No Break
  - Content Reflow
    
    No Horizontal Scroll at 400%
- Testing Tools
  - Lighthouse
    
    Chrome DevTools Accessibility Audit
  - WAVE
    
    Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool
  - axe
    
    Accessibility Testing Extension
  - Screen Reader Testing
    
    NVDA JAWS VoiceOver
HTML Practice
- HTML Projects
  - Beginner Projects
    
    Personal Bio Page
    
    Photo Gallery
    
    To-Do List App
    
    Recipe Book Page
  - Intermediate Projects
    
    Blog Website
    
    E-commerce Product Page
    
    Portfolio Website
    
    Quiz Application
  - Advanced Projects
    
    Social Media Dashboard
    
    Learning Management System
    
    Real Estate Listing Site
    
    Job Portal Website
- HTML Exercises
  - Basic Exercises
    
    Create Hello World Page
    
    Add Title to Page
    
    Create Heading and Paragraph
    
    Add Image to Page
    
    Create Hyperlink
    
    Create Unordered List
    
    Create Ordered List
  - Intermediate Exercises
    
    Create Navigation Menu
    
    Create HTML Table
    
    Create Contact Form
    
    Create Registration Form
    
    Embed YouTube Video
    
    Create Image Gallery
  - Advanced Exercises
    
    Create Responsive Layout
    
    Create Flexbox Grid
    
    Create CSS Grid Layout
    
    Create Dropdown Menu
    
    Create Modal Popup
    
    Create Accordion
    
    Create Tabs Component
    
    Create Carousel Slider
- HTML Challenges
  - 30 Day Challenge
    
    Daily HTML Tasks
  - Code Pen Challenge
    
    Frontend Mentor Challenges
  - Responsive Challenge
    
    Build Mobile First Design
  - Accessibility Challenge
    
    Make Website Accessible
  - Performance Challenge
    
    Optimize Page Speed
- HTML Interview Prep
  - Basic Questions
    
    What is HTML Full Form
    
    Difference HTML vs HTML5
    
    What are Semantic Elements
    
    What is DOCTYPE
    
    What are Block and Inline Elements
  - Intermediate Questions
    
    Explain Form Elements
    
    What is Local Storage
    
    What are Data Attributes
    
    Explain Iframe
    
    What is Canvas
  - Advanced Questions
    
    Explain Web Workers
    
    Explain Drag and Drop API
    
    Explain Server Sent Events
    
    What is Shadow DOM
    
    Explain Custom Elements
  - Top 100 Questions
    
    Most Asked Interview Questions
HTML References
- HTML Tag List
  - Document Tags
    
    <!DOCTYPE> <html> <head> <body>
  - Metadata Tags
    
    <title> <meta> <link> <style>
  - Sectioning Tags
    
    <header> <nav> <section> <article> <aside> <footer>
  - Text Formatting
    
    <h1>-<h6> <p> <br> <hr> <b> <i> <strong> <em>
  - Lists Tags
    
    <ul> <ol> <li> <dl> <dt> <dd>
  - Table Tags
    
    <table> <tr> <td> <th> <thead> <tbody> <tfoot>
  - Form Tags
    
    <form> <input> <textarea> <button> <select> <option>
  - Media Tags
    
    <img> <video> <audio> <source> <canvas> <svg>
- Global Attributes
  - Core Attributes
    
    id class style title lang dir
  - Event Attributes
    
    onclick ondblclick onload onerror
  - Form Attributes
    
    autofocus disabled readonly required
  - Accessibility
    
    aria-* attributes
  - Data Attributes
    
    data-* custom attributes
- HTML Events
  - Mouse Events
    
    onclick ondblclick onmouseover onmouseout
  - Keyboard Events
    
    onkeydown onkeyup onkeypress
  - Form Events
    
    onsubmit onreset onchange oninput
  - Window Events
    
    onload onunload onresize onscroll
  - Touch Events
    
    ontouchstart ontouchmove ontouchend
- HTML Colors
  - Color Names
    
    140 Standard Color Names
  - Hex Codes
    
    000000 to FFFFFF
  - RGB Values
    
    0 to 255 Values
  - HSL Values
    
    0-360 Hue 0-100% Saturation Lightness
- HTML Canvas
  - Canvas Methods
    
    fillRect strokeRect clearRect
  - Canvas Paths
    
    beginPath moveTo lineTo stroke
  - Canvas Text
    
    fillText strokeText font
  - Canvas Images
    
    drawImage getImageData putImageData
- HTML Audio/Video
  - Media Properties
    
    currentTime duration volume paused
  - Media Methods
    
    play pause load canPlayType
  - Media Events
    
    canplay playing waiting ended error
- HTML Doctypes
  - HTML5
    
    <!DOCTYPE html>
  - HTML 4.01 Strict
    
    <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
  - HTML 4.01 Transitional
    
    <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
  - XHTML 1.0 Strict
    
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN">
- HTTP Status Codes
  - 1xx Information
    
    100 Continue 101 Switching Protocols
  - 2xx Success
    
    200 OK 201 Created
  - 3xx Redirection
    
    301 Moved Permanently 302 Found
  - 4xx Client Error
    
    400 Bad Request 401 Unauthorized 403 Forbidden 404 Not Found
  - 5xx Server Error
    
    500 Internal Server Error 502 Bad Gateway 503 Service Unavailable
- HTTP Methods
  - GET Method
    
    Retrieve Data
  - POST Method
    
    Send Data
  - PUT Method
    
    Update Entire Resource
  - PATCH Method
    
    Partial Update
  - DELETE Method
    
    Remove Resource
  - HEAD Method
    
    Headers Only
  - OPTIONS Method
    
    Allowed Methods
- PX to EM Converter
  - PX to EM Formula
    
    EM = PX / Base Font Size
  - Base Font Size
    
    16px Default Browser
  - Common Conversions
    
    16px = 1em 32px = 2em
  - REM vs EM
    
    REM Root EM Parent
- Keyboard Shortcuts
  - VS Code Shortcuts
    
    Ctrl+Shift+P Command Palette
    
    Ctrl+S Save Ctrl+Z Undo
    
    Ctrl+C Copy Ctrl+V Paste Ctrl+X Cut
    
    Ctrl+F Find Ctrl+H Replace
    
    Ctrl+Shift+F Find in Files
  - Browser Shortcuts
    
    F12 Developer Tools
    
    Ctrl+R Reload Ctrl+Shift+R Hard Reload
    
    Ctrl+T New Tab Ctrl+W Close Tab
    
    Ctrl+Tab Next Tab Ctrl+Shift+Tab Previous Tab
  - Mac Shortcuts
    
    Cmd instead of Ctrl for Mac
HTML Advanced
- Data Attributes
  - data-* Syntax
    
    custom data-attribute
  - JavaScript Access
    
    element.dataset.property
  - CSS Access
    
    attr(data-property)
  - Use Cases
    
    Store Extra Information
  - Examples
    
    data-user-id data-product-id
- Microdata
  - Microdata Introduction
    
    Schema.org Vocabulary
  - itemscope Attribute
    
    Define Microdata Scope
  - itemtype Attribute
    
    Schema URL Type
  - itemprop Attribute
    
    Property Name
  - Example
    
    Person Product Recipe Microdata
  - SEO Benefits
    
    Richer Search Results
  - Social Media
    
    Open Graph Protocol
  - Twitter Cards
    
    Twitter Summary Card
- Shadow DOM
  - Shadow DOM Introduction
    
    Encapsulated DOM Tree
  - attachShadow Method
    
    Create Shadow Root
  - Mode Open vs Closed
    
    Accessibility Difference
  - Shadow Host
    
    Parent Element
  - Shadow Root
    
    Root of Shadow Tree
  - Slot Element
    
    Content Projection
- Custom Elements
  - define Method
    
    customElements.define()
  - Lifecycle Callbacks
    
    connectedCallback disconnectedCallback
  - Attributes
    
    observedAttributes attributeChangedCallback
  - Extending HTML
    
    Extend Native Elements
- Web Components
  - Combination
    
    Custom Elements + Shadow DOM + HTML Templates
  - Template Element
    
    <template> for Reusable Markup
  - Slot Usage
    
    Named Slots for Multiple Projections
- HTML Templates
  - Template Tag
    
    Inert HTML Content
  - Clone Template
    
    content.cloneNode(true)
  - Use Cases
    
    Reusable Components
- Contenteditable
  - Contenteditable Attribute
    
    Edit HTML Directly
  - execCommand
    
    Document Design Mode
  - Use Cases
    
    WYSIWYG Editors
- Spellcheck
  - Spellcheck Attribute
    
    Browser Spell Checking
  - lang Attribute
    
    Language for Spellcheck
- Translate
  - Translate Attribute
    
    Page Translation Control
- Inert
  - Inert Attribute
    
    Make Element Non-interactive
- Popover API
  - Popover Attribute
    
    Popover Element
  - Popover Target
    
    Control Popover Display
  - showPopover Method
    
    JavaScript Show Popover
  - Popover Auto State
    
    Automatic Popover Management
  - Popover Light Dismiss
    
    Click Outside to Close
  - Popover Nesting
    
    Nested Popovers
  - Popover Anchor Positioning
    
    Anchor Positioning CSS
- Dialog Element
  - <dialog>
    
    Modal Dialog Box
  - showModal Method
    
    Show Modal Dialog
  - show Method
    
    Show Non-modal Dialog
  - close Method
    
    Close Dialog
- Details Marker
  - Details Marker CSS
    
    list-style-type
  - Webkit Details Marker
    
    ::-webkit-details-marker
- Output Element
  - Output For
    
    for Attribute
- Progress Element
  - <progress>
    
    Progress Bar
  - value max Attributes
    
    Progress Value
- Meter Element
  - <meter>
    
    Gauge Meter
  - min max value low high optimum
    
    Range Values
- Time Element
  - datetime Attribute
    
    ISO Format
  - Pubdate Attribute
    
    Article Publication Date
- Ruby Element
  - <ruby>
    
    Ruby Annotation for East Asian Text
  - <rt>
    
    Ruby Text Pronunciation
  - <rp>
    
    Ruby Parenthesis Fallback
- BDO Element
  - Bidirectional Override
    
    Override Text Direction
  - dir Attribute
    
    ltr rtl
- BDI Element
  - Bidirectional Isolation
    
    Isolate Directional Text
- WBR Element
  - Word Break Opportunity
    
    Line Break Suggestion
- Search Element
  - <search>
    
    Search Box Container
- Element Timing
  - elementtiming Attribute
    
    LCP Measurement
- Lazy Loading
  - Native Lazy Loading
    
    loading="lazy"
  - Decoding Attribute
    
    async sync auto
- Fetch Priority
  - fetchpriority Attribute
    
    high low auto
  - Fetch Priority Use
    
    Critical Images
- WebGPU API
  - RequestAdapter
    
    Request GPU Adapter
  - RequestDevice
    
    Request GPU Device
  - ConfigureCanvas
    
    Configure GPU Canvas Context
  - CreateRenderPipeline
    
    Create Render Pipeline
  - CreateCommandEncoder
    
    Create Command Encoder
  - CreateBuffer
    
    Create GPU Buffer
  - CreateTexture
    
    Create GPU Texture
  - CreateBindGroup
    
    Create Bind Group
  - ComputeShader
    
    Compute Shader Implementation
  - ComputePipeline
    
    Compute Pipeline Creation
  - GPU Queue
    
    Submit Command Queue
  - WebGPU vs WebGL
    
    Performance Comparison
  - WebGPU Best Practices
    
    Optimization Techniques
- WebXR API
  - RequestSession
    
    Request XR Session
  - XRReferenceSpace
    
    Reference Space Types
  - XRFrame
    
    Get Frame Data
  - XRView
    
    View Matrices
  - XRInputSource
    
    Handle Controller Input
  - XRHitTestSource
    
    AR Hit Testing
  - XRPlane
    
    AR Plane Detection
  - XRMesh
    
    AR Mesh Detection
  - XRLightEstimate
    
    Light Estimation
  - XRAnchor
    
    Anchor Placement
  - WebXR Layers
    
    Compositor Layers
  - Immersive VR
    
    VR Session Creation
  - Immersive AR
    
    AR Session Creation
- MathML
  - MathML Examples
    
    Algebraic Expressions
    
    Calculus Notation
    
    Matrix Display
    
    Chemical Formulas
  - MathML Browser Support
    
    Chrome Firefox Safari Support
- Ruby Annotation
  - Ruby Use Cases
    
    Japanese Kanji Reading
    
    Chinese Pinyin
    
    Korean Hangul
  - Ruby CSS Styling
    
    Styling Ruby Text
- New HTML Tags
  - Portal Tag Usage
    
    Seamless Page Navigation
  - Portal Tag Example
    
    Navigate Between Pages
  - Fenced Frame Usage
    
    Privacy Preserving Ads
  - Selectlist Tag
    
    Customizable Select Dropdown
  - Model Tag
    
    3D Model Display
- View Transitions API
  - Cross Document View Transitions
    
    MPA Transitions
  - Same Document View Transitions
    
    SPA Transitions
  - View Transition Classes
    
    CSS Animation Control
  - View Transition Names
    
    Named Transitions
- Sanitizer API
  - Sanitizer Default Configuration
    
    Default Sanitization
  - Sanitizer Custom Configuration
    
    Custom Allow List
  - Sanitizer Drop Elements
    
    Remove Unsafe Elements
- Trusted Types API
  - Trusted Types Default Policy
    
    Default Policy Creation
  - Trusted Types CSP Header
    
    CSP with Trusted Types
  - Trusted Types Polyfill
    
    Legacy Browser Support
- Cross Origin Isolation
  - Cross Origin Isolated Context
    
    Enable SharedArrayBuffer
  - COOP Same Origin
    
    Cross Origin Opener Policy
  - COEP Require CORP
    
    Cross Origin Embedder Policy
  - CORP Header
    
    Cross Origin Resource Policy
- Permissions Policy
  - Permissions Policy Directives
    
    Feature Control List
  - Permissions Policy Allow List
    
    Origin Allow List
  - Permissions Policy Reporting
    
    Report Violations
- Reporting API
  - Deprecation Reporting
    
    Deprecated API Usage Report
  - Intervention Reporting
    
    Browser Intervention Report
  - Crash Reporting
    
    Page Crash Reports
  - Reporting Endpoint Configuration
    
    Report Delivery Setup
- Speculation Rules API
  - Speculation Rules Inline
    
    Inline JSON Configuration
  - Speculation Rules External
    
    External JSON File
  - Prefetch Rules
    
    Prefetch Page Rules
  - Prerender Rules
    
    Prerender Page Rules
  - Speculation Rules Conditions
    
    Load Condition Checks
  - Speculation Rules Eagerness
    
    Eager Moderate Conservative
- WebBundle
  - Signed Exchanges Generation
    
    Generate SXG Files
  - Signed Exchanges Serving
    
    Serve SXG with Correct Headers
  - Signed Exchanges Debugging
    
    Debug SXG Issues
- Isolated Web Apps
  - IWA Manifest
    
    Isolated Web App Manifest
  - IWA Installation
    
    Install Isolated Web App
  - IWA Permissions
    
    Unrestricted Permissions
- Fenced Frames
  - FLEDGE API
    
    Interest Group Based Advertising
  - Fenced Frame Config
    
    Fenced Frame Configuration
  - Fenced Frame Reporting
    
    Event Reporting
- Private Aggregation API
  - Private Aggregation Reporting
    
    Summary Report Generation
  - Private Aggregation Debugging
    
    Debugging Mode
- Shared Storage API
  - Shared Storage Write
    
    Write to Shared Storage
  - Shared Storage SelectURL
    
    URL Selection from Storage
  - Shared Storage Run
    
    Run Worklet Operation
- Attribution Reporting API
  - Attribution Reporting Source Registration
    
    Register Attribution Source
  - Attribution Reporting Trigger Registration
    
    Register Attribution Trigger
  - Attribution Reporting Aggregation
    
    Summary Report Aggregation
- Topics API
  - Topics API Call
    
    document.browsingTopics()
  - Topics API Observer
    
    Topics Observer
  - Topics API Header
    
    Observe-Browsing-Topics Header
- CHIPS
  - Partitioned Cookie Example
    
    Partitioned Cookie Implementation
  - CHIPS vs Third Party Cookies
    
    Comparison
- First Party Sets
  - First Party Sets Declaration
    
    Declare Related Domains
  - First Party Sets Use Cases
    
    Login Across Domains
- FedCM
  - FedCM API Call
    
    navigator.credentials.get()
  - FedCM Identity Provider Config
    
    IdP Configuration
  - FedCM Account Selection
    
    Account Picker UI
  - FedCM Logout
    
    Logout from IdP
- WebRTC Complete
  - WebRTC Signaling
    
    Signaling Server Setup
  - WebRTC STUN Server
    
    STUN Server Configuration
  - WebRTC TURN Server
    
    TURN Server Fallback
  - WebRTC Data Channel
    
    Data Channel Configuration
  - WebRTC Bandwidth Control
    
    Set Bandwidth Limits
  - WebRTC Recording
    
    Record WebRTC Stream
- WebUSB Complete
  - WebUSB Claim Interface
    
    Claim USB Interface
  - WebUSB Control Transfer
    
    Control Transfer Types
  - WebUSB Bulk Transfer
    
    Bulk Data Transfer
  - WebUSB Interrupt Transfer
    
    Interrupt Transfer
- WebSerial Complete
  - WebSerial Signatures
    
    Serial Port Signatures
  - WebSerial Parity
    
    Parity Bit Configuration
  - WebSerial Stop Bits
    
    Stop Bits Configuration
- WebHID Complete
  - WebHID Feature Reports
    
    Feature Report Handling
  - WebHID Input Reports
    
    Input Report Handling
  - WebHID Output Reports
    
    Output Report Handling
- WebBluetooth Complete
  - WebBluetooth Services
    
    Service Discovery
  - WebBluetooth Characteristics
    
    Characteristic Properties
  - WebBluetooth Descriptors
    
    Descriptor Read Write
- WebAudio Complete
  - WebAudio PannerNode
    
    3D Audio Positioning
  - WebAudio WaveShaperNode
    
    Distortion Effect
  - WebAudio GainNode Automation
    
    Gain Automation
- WebCodecs Complete
  - WebCodecs Video Frame
    
    Video Frame Manipulation
  - WebCodecs Encoded Video Chunk
    
    Video Chunk Encoding
  - WebCodecs Audio Data
    
    Audio Data Processing
- MediaRecorder Complete
  - MediaRecorder Timeslice
    
    Record in Chunks
  - MediaRecorder Error Handling
    
    Error Callback
  - MediaRecorder MIME Types
    
    Supported Codecs
- Clipboard API Complete
  - Clipboard Read Images
    
    Read Image from Clipboard
  - Clipboard Write HTML
    
    Write HTML to Clipboard
  - Clipboard Custom Data
    
    Write Custom MIME Types
- Notifications Complete
  - Notification Badge
    
    Set Notification Badge
  - Notification Actions
    
    Action Buttons
  - Notification Renotify
    
    Renotify Flag
- Intersection Observer Complete
  - Intersection Observer Threshold Array
    
    Multiple Thresholds
  - Intersection Observer Root Element
    
    Scroll Container
  - Intersection Observer Performance
    
    Batch Processing
- Resize Observer Complete
  - Resize Observer Box Size
    
    Content Box Border Box
  - Resize Observer Performance
    
    Avoid Layout Thrashing
- Mutation Observer Complete
  - Mutation Observer Character Data
    
    Text Change Monitoring
  - Mutation Observer Performance
    
    Batch Mutation Handling
- Performance Observer Complete
  - Performance Observer Buffered
    
    Get Past Entries
  - Performance Observer Types
    
    Entry Type Filtering
- HTTP/3 Complete
  - HTTP/3 Server Push
    
    Server Push Alternative
  - HTTP/3 QPACK
    
    Header Compression
  - HTTP/3 Migration
    
    IP Address Migration
- Brotli Compression
  - Brotli Levels
    
    Compression Level 1-11
  - Brotli vs Gzip
    
    Size Comparison
- Zstandard Compression
  - Zstd Levels
    
    Compression Level Tuning
  - Zstd Dictionary
    
    Training Dictionary
- Early Hints
  - Early Hints Implementation
    
    Server Implementation
  - Early Hints CDN
    
    CDN Early Hints Support
HTML Deprecated
- Deprecated Tags
  - <center>
    
    Centering Text CSS text-align
  - <font>
    
    Font Styling CSS
  - <big>
    
    Big Text CSS font-size
  - <strike>
    
    Strikethrough CSS text-decoration
  - <tt>
    
    Teletype Text CSS font-family
  - <frame>
    
    Frameset CSS Grid Flexbox
  - <frameset>
    
    Frame Container
  - <noframes>
    
    No Frames Fallback
  - <applet>
    
    Java Applet Embed
  - <acronym>
    
    Abbreviation <abbr>
  - <basefont>
    
    Base Font CSS body font
  - <blink>
    
    Blinking Text CSS animation
  - <marquee>
    
    Scrolling Text CSS animation
- Deprecated Attributes
  - bgcolor
    
    Background Color CSS
  - background
    
    Background Image CSS
  - border on Tables
    
    Table Border CSS
  - align
    
    Text Align CSS
  - valign
    
    Vertical Align CSS
  - cellpadding
    
    Cell Padding CSS
  - cellspacing
    
    Border Spacing CSS
  - width on Specific Elements
    
    Width CSS
  - height on Specific Elements
    
    Height CSS
  - clear
    
    Float Clear CSS
  - nowrap
    
    White-space CSS
  - scrolling on Iframe
    
    Overflow CSS
  - frame on Tables
    
    Border CSS
  - rules on Tables
    
    Border CSS
  - vspace
    
    margin CSS
  - hspace
    
    margin CSS
  - text on Body
    
    Color CSS
  - link on Body
    
    Color CSS
  - vlink on Body
    
    Color CSS
  - alink on Body
    
    Color CSS
- Deprecated Elements Replacement
  - Presentational Elements
    
    Use CSS Instead
  - Frame Based Layouts
    
    Use Grid Flexbox
  - Applets Plugins
    
    Use Modern APIs
HTML Browser Support
- Caniuse Website
  - caniuse.com
    
    Check Browser Support
- HTML5 Support
  - Modern Browsers
    
    Chrome Firefox Safari Edge
HTML Performance
- Page Speed Optimization
  - Minify HTML
    
    CSS
  - Compress Images
    
    WebP AVIF
  - Lazy Loading Images
    
    loading="lazy"
  - Async Defer Scripts
    
    Non-blocking JavaScript
  - Preload Critical Resources
    
    <link rel="preload">
  - Preconnect to Origins
    
    <link rel="preconnect">
  - DNS Prefetch
    
    <link rel="dns-prefetch">
  - Prefetch Next Pages
    
    <link rel="prefetch">
  - Reduce HTTP Requests
    
    Combine CSS JS
  - Use CDN
    
    Faster Global Delivery
  - Enable Gzip/Brotli
    
    Text Compression
  - Cache Static Assets
    
    HTTP Caching Headers
  - Avoid Render Blocking
    
    Inline Critical CSS
  - Optimize Critical Rendering Path
    
    First Paint Faster
  - Reduce DOM Size
    
    Simplify HTML Structure
  - Avoid Large Layout Shifts
    
    Set Width Height on Images
  - Optimize Web Fonts
    
    font-display swap
  - Use HTTP/2 or HTTP/3
    
    Multiplexing Server Push
- LCP Optimization
  - Largest Contentful Paint
    
    LCP < 2.5 Seconds
  - Optimize Hero Images
    
    Preload LCP Image
  - Optimize Text Elements
    
    Avoid Web Fonts Blocking
- FID Optimization
  - First Input Delay
    
    FID < 100ms
  - Reduce JavaScript Execution
    
    Break Long Tasks
  - Use Web Workers
    
    Move Heavy Processing
- CLS Optimization
  - Cumulative Layout Shift
    
    CLS < 0.1
  - Set Image Dimensions
    
    Width Height Attributes
  - Avoid Dynamic Content Insertion
    
    Reserve Space for Ads
  - Use Aspect Ratio Containers
    
    padding-bottom Trick
- Core Web Vitals
  - LCP FID CLS
    
    Google Ranking Factors
  - INP Interaction to Next Paint
    
    Replacing FID 2024
  - TTFB Time To First Byte
    
    < 800ms Recommended
  - FCP First Contentful Paint
    
    < 1.8 Seconds
  - TBT Total Blocking Time
    
    < 300ms
  - SI Speed Index
    
    < 3.4 Seconds
- Performance Tools
  - Google PageSpeed Insights
    
    Performance Score
  - Lighthouse
    
    Chrome DevTools Audit
  - WebPageTest.org
    
    Detailed Performance Analysis
  - Chrome DevTools Performance Tab
    
    Record Analyze Profile
  - GTmetrix
    
    Performance Monitoring
- Resource Hints
  - Preload
    
    Critical Resources
  - Prefetch
    
    Next Page Resources
  - Preconnect
    
    Third Party Origins
  - DNS Prefetch
    
    Domain Lookup
  - Prerender
    
    Full Page Preload
  - Module Preload
    
    ES Modules
- Critical CSS
  - Inline Critical CSS
    
    Above the Fold Styles
  - Load Non Critical CSS
    
    async CSS Loading
  - Critical Path
    
    First Paint Optimization
- Script Optimization
  - Async Attribute
    
    Load Parallel Execute Immediate
  - Defer Attribute
    
    Load Parallel Execute After HTML
  - Module Script
    
    type="module" Defer by Default
  - Nomoduletag
    
    Nomudule for Fallback
- Font Optimization
  - font-display
    
    swap fallback optional
  - Preload Fonts
    
    <link rel="preload" as="font">
  - Unicode Range
    
    Subset Font Loading
  - Variable Fonts
    
    Reduce Font Files
- Caching Strategy
  - Cache Headers
    
    Cache-Control max-age
  - ETag
    
    Validation Token
  - Last Modified
    
    Date Based Validation
  - Service Worker Cache
    
    Programmatic Caching
  - Workbox Library
    
    Simplified Caching
- Element Timing API
  - elementtiming
    
    Element Timing Attribute
  - PerformanceElementTiming
    
    Element Timing Entry
  - LCP Element
    
    Identify LCP Element
- Layout Instability API
  - LayoutShift
    
    Layout Shift Entry
  - hadRecentInput
    
    Ignore User Input
  - CLS Measurement
    
    Measure CLS
- Event Timing API
  - EventTiming
    
    Event Timing Entry
  - firstInputDelay
    
    Measure FID
  - Processing Duration
    
    Event Processing Time
- Server Timing API
  - Server-Timing Header
    
    Server Timing Header
  - PerformanceServerTiming
    
    Server Timing Entry
  - Backend Performance
    
    Monitor Server Timing
- Resource Timing API
  - PerformanceResourceTiming
    
    Resource Timing Entry
  - initiatorType
    
    Resource Initiator
  - transferSize
    
    Resource Transfer Size
- User Timing API
  - performance.mark
    
    Create Mark
  - performance.measure
    
    Measure Between Marks
  - PerformanceMeasure
    
    Measure Entry
- PerformanceObserver API
  - PerformanceObserver
    
    Observe Performance Entries
  - observe
    
    Start Observing
  - takeRecords
    
    Take Records
- Speculation Rules API
  - Speculation Rules
    
    Prerender Rules
  - prefetch
    
    Speculation Rules Prefetch
  - prerender
    
    Speculation Rules Prerender
  - speculationrules.json
    
    Speculation Rules File
HTML Security
- XSS Prevention
  - Cross Site Scripting
    
    Escape User Input
  - Sanitize HTML
    
    Avoid innerHTML
  - Use textContent
    
    Instead of innerHTML
  - CSP Header
    
    Content Security Policy
  - HTTP Only Cookies
    
    Prevent JavaScript Access
- CSRF Prevention
  - Cross Site Request Forgery
    
    Use Anti CSRF Tokens
  - SameSite Cookies
    
    SameSite=Lax or Strict
- Clickjacking Prevention
  - X-Frame-Options
    
    DENY or SAMEORIGIN
  - CSP frame-ancestors
    
    Restrict Framing
- Iframe Security
  - Sandbox Attribute
    
    Restrict Iframe Capabilities
  - Allow Attribute
    
    Explicit Permissions
- Form Security
  - Input Validation
    
    Client and Server Side
  - HTTPS Only
    
    Encrypt Form Submission
  - CSRF Tokens
    
    Include in Forms
  - Rate Limiting
    
    Prevent Brute Force
- File Upload Security
  - Validate File Type
    
    Allowed Extensions
  - Scan for Malware
    
    Server Side Scanning
  - Store Outside Web Root
    
    Prevent Direct Access
- SQL Injection Prevention
  - Use Prepared Statements
    
    Parameterized Queries
  - Escape Input
    
    Avoid Direct SQL Concatenation
- Sensitive Data
  - No Passwords in HTML
    
    Use HTTPS Forms
  - No API Keys in Frontend
    
    Use Environment Variables
  - Minimize Data Exposure
    
    Send Only Required Data
- Content Security Policy
  - CSP Header
    
    Control Resource Loading
  - default-src
    
    Fallback Directive
  - script-src
    
    Allowed Script Sources
  - style-src
    
    Allowed Style Sources
  - img-src
    
    Allowed Image Sources
  - connect-src
    
    API Endpoints
  - frame-ancestors
    
    Prevent Clickjacking
  - report-uri
    
    Report Violations
- CSP Nonce
  - Random Nonce
    
    Inline Script Allow
- CSP Hash
  - Script Hash
    
    Allow Specific Inline Script
- CSP Strict Dynamic
  - Trusted Scripts
    
    Automatic Trust Propagation
- Trusted Types
  - Trusted Types API
    
    Prevent DOM XSS
  - Policy Creation
    
    Create Trusted Policy
  - Enforcement
    
    Require Trusted Types
- Permission Policy
  - Permissions-Policy
    
    Feature Control
  - Geolocation
    
    Disable Location Access
  - Camera Microphone
    
    Media Device Control
- Cross Origin Isolation
  - COOP COEP
    
    Shared Memory Access
  - Cross Origin Opener Policy
    
    Same Origin Allow Popups
    
    COOP Header
  - Cross Origin Embedder Policy
    
    Require CORP
    
    COEP Header
  - Cross Origin Resource Policy
    
    CORP Header
  - Shared Memory Access
    
    SharedArrayBuffer
- CORP
  - Cross Origin Resource Policy
    
    Same Origin
- CORB
  - Cross Origin Read Blocking
    
    Protect Sensitive Data
- Permissions Policy
  - Permissions-Policy
    
    Feature Policy Header
  - Feature Control
    
    Enable Disable Features
- CHIPS
  - Cookies Having Independent Partitioned State
    
    Partitioned Cookies
  - Partitioned Attribute
    
    Partitioned Cookie Flag
  - Third Party Cookies
    
    Alternative to Third Party Cookies
HTML SEO
- Title Tag
  - Title Optimization
    
    Include Primary Keyword
  - Title Length
    
    50-60 Characters Ideal
  - Brand in Title
    
    Brand Name at End
- Meta Description
  - Description Length
    
    150-160 Characters
  - Description Content
    
    Compelling Summary with Keyword
- Headings
  - H1 Strategy
    
    One H1 with Primary Keyword
  - H2 H3 Structure
    
    Organized Content Hierarchy
  - Keyword Distribution
    
    Natural Keyword Placement
- Semantic HTML
  - Use Semantic Tags
    
    Header Nav Main Article Section
  - Proper HTML Structure
    
    Better Crawler Understanding
- Images
  - Alt Text Optimization
    
    Descriptive with Keywords
  - File Names
    
    Keyword Rich File Names
  - Image Compression
    
    Page Speed Impact
- Links
  - Internal Linking
    
    Link to Related Pages
  - Anchor Text
    
    Descriptive Not Click Here
  - External Links
    
    Link to Authority Sites
  - Nofollow Attribute
    
    User Generated Content
- Canonical Tags
  - Canonical URL
    
    Prevent Duplicate Content
  - Self Referencing Canonical
    
    Homepage Canonical to Homepage
- Robots Meta
  - index follow
    
    Allow Indexing
  - noindex nofollow
    
    Block Indexing
  - noarchive
    
    Prevent Cached Copy
- Structured Data
  - JSON-LD Format
    
    Recommended by Google
  - Organization Schema
    
    Company Information
  - Local Business Schema
    
    Address Phone Hours
  - Product Schema
    
    Price Availability Review
  - Article Schema
    
    Headline Date Author
  - Breadcrumb Schema
    
    Navigation Path
  - FAQ Schema
    
    Questions and Answers
  - HowTo Schema
    
    Step by Step Instructions
  - Event Schema
    
    Date Location Tickets
  - Recipe Schema
    
    Ingredients Instructions
- Open Graph
  - og:title
    
    Social Media Title
  - og:description
    
    Social Media Description
  - og:image
    
    Social Media Thumbnail
  - og:url
    
    Canonical URL for Social
  - og:type
    
    website article product
- Twitter Cards
  - twitter:card
    
    summary_large_image
  - twitter:site
    
    Twitter Handle
- Mobile SEO
  - Viewport Meta
    
    Mobile Friendly Design
  - Responsive Design
    
    Single URL for All Devices
  - AMP Pages
    
    Accelerated Mobile Pages
- International SEO
  - hreflang Tag
    
    Language and Region Targeting
  - lang Attribute
    
    Declare Page Language
  - Content Negotiation
    
    Server Side Language Detection
- Sitemap
  - HTML Sitemap
    
    User Facing Navigation
  - XML Sitemap
    
    Search Engine Submission
  - Sitemap Index
    
    Multiple Sitemap Files
- Robots.txt
  - Robots.txt File
    
    Allow Disallow Crawlers
  - User-agent
    
    Specific Crawler Rules
  - Sitemap Location
    
    Point to XML Sitemap
- URL Structure
  - SEO Friendly URLs
    
    Descriptive Words Not IDs
  - Lowercase URLs
    
    Consistent Format
  - Hyphens vs Underscores
    
    Use Hyphens for Word Separation
- Pagination
  - rel="prev" and "next"
    
    Pagination for Multi-page Articles
- Redirects
  - 301 Permanent Redirect
    
    Moved Permanently SEO
  - 302 Temporary Redirect
    
    Temporary Move
- Signed Exchanges
  - SXG
    
    Sign Exchange for SEO
  - Google Search Support
    
    AMP SXG Support
HTML Advanced Forms
- Form Validation
  - HTML5 Validation Attributes
    
    required pattern min max
  - Custom Validation
    
    JavaScript setCustomValidity
  - Validation Pseudo Classes
    
    :valid :invalid :required
  - Constraint Validation API
    
    checkValidity reportValidity
- Form Styling
  - Validation Styling
    
    Red Border on :invalid
  - Success Styling
    
    Green Border on :valid
  - Error Messages
    
    Custom Error Display
- Form Submission
  - FormData API
    
    new FormData(form)
  - Fetch API
    
    Submit Form with Fetch
  - AJAX Submit
    
    No Page Reload Submit
  - multipart/form-data
    
    File Upload Encoding
- Form Security
  - CSRF Protection
    
    Anti CSRF Token
  - Input Sanitization
    
    Prevent XSS
  - HTTPS Required
    
    Secure Data Transmission
- Form Accessibility
  - ARIA Attributes
    
    aria-invalid aria-describedby
  - Error Announcement
    
    aria-live Region
  - Focus Management
    
    Move Focus to First Error
  - Fieldset Legend
    
    Group Related Inputs
- File Upload
  - Multiple File Upload
    
    multiple Attribute
  - Accept Attribute
    
    Filter File Types
  - File Size Limit
    
    JavaScript Validation
  - Preview Images
    
    FileReader API
  - Drag and Drop Upload
    
    File Drop Zone
  - Upload Progress
    
    XMLHttpRequest Upload Progress
- Autocomplete
  - Autocomplete Values
    
    on off name email tel
  - Address Autocomplete
    
    street-address address-level1 country
  - Payment Autocomplete
    
    cc-name cc-number cc-exp
- Datalist
  - Autocomplete List
    
    <datalist> with Options
  - Option Value
    
    Suggestion Items
  - Dynamic Datalist
    
    JavaScript Update Options
- Output Element
  - Calculation Output
    
    Display Live Calculation
  - for Attribute
    
    Referenced Input IDs
  - form Attribute
    
    Associate with Form
- Progress Element
  - Determinate Progress
    
    value max Attributes
  - Indeterminate Progress
    
    No value Attribute
  - JavaScript Update
    
    Change value Dynamically
- Meter Element
  - Low Value
    
    low Attribute
  - High Value
    
    high Attribute
  - Optimum Value
    
    optimum Attribute
- Fieldset Disable
  - Disable Fieldset
    
    Disable All Form Controls Inside
- Fieldset Styling
  - Fieldset Border
    
    Custom Border Style
  - Legend Positioning
    
    Center or Left
- Form Reset
  - Reset Button
    
    Reset All Form Values
  - Custom Reset
    
    JavaScript Reset Function
HTML Advanced Images
- Image Sprites
  - Sprite Technique
    
    Combine Multiple Images
- Image CDN
  - Cloudinary
    
    Image Optimization CDN
  - Imgix
    
    Real Time Image Processing
  - ImageKit
    
    Resize Crop Compress
  - Bunny.net
    
    Affordable Image CDN
- Responsive Images
  - srcset with x Descriptor
    
    Device Pixel Ratio
  - srcset with w Descriptor
    
    Viewport Width
  - sizes Attribute
    
    Media Condition and Size
  - picture Element
    
    Art Direction
  - type Attribute
    
    Format Fallback
- Client Hints
  - DPR Header
    
    Device Pixel Ratio
  - Viewport-Width Header
    
    Viewport Width
  - Width Header
    
    Requested Image Width
- Image Optimization
  - WebP Conversion
    
    Smaller File Size
  - AVIF Format
    
    Better than WebP
  - Lossless Compression
    
    PNG Quality Retained
  - Lossy Compression
    
    JPG Smaller Size
  - Lazy Loading
    
    loading="lazy"
  - Decoding
    
    async sync auto
  - Fetch Priority
    
    fetchpriority="high" for LCP
  - Responsive Breakpoints
    
    Multiple Size Generation
- Accessibility
  - Alt Text Best Practices
    
    Describe Image Purpose
  - Decorative Images
    
    Empty Alt Attribute
  - Complex Images
    
    Long Description Nearby
  - Figure and Figcaption
    
    Image Captions
- SVG Optimization
  - Inline SVG
    
    Better Control
  - SVG Sprites
    
    Multiple Icons One File
  - Remove Unnecessary Code
    
    Optimize SVG Size
HTML Advanced Tables
- Responsive Tables
  - Horizontal Scroll
    
    overflow-x: auto
  - Collapse on Mobile
    
    Display Block on Small
  - Stack on Mobile
    
    Cards Layout Alternative
  - Data Labels
    
    Show Column Names on Mobile
- Advanced Features
  - Sortable Tables
    
    JavaScript Sort
  - Filterable Tables
    
    Search Box Filter
  - Pagination
    
    Split Data into Pages
  - Export to Excel
    
    CSV Export Function
  - Copy to Clipboard
    
    Table Data Copy
  - Print Styling
    
    Print Optimized Tables
- Table Accessibility
  - Scope Attribute
    
    Column and Row Headers
  - Header Attribute
    
    Complex Table Headers
  - Caption Element
    
    Table Description
  - Summary Attribute
    
    Deprecated Use Caption
- Table Styling
  - Striped Rows
    
    nth-child(even/odd)
  - Hover Effect
    
    tr:hover Background
  - Border Collapse
    
    Collapse Separate Borders
  - Sticky Header
    
    position: sticky on thead
  - Sticky First Column
    
    position: sticky on td:first-child
- Table Colgroup
  - Colgroup Styling
    
    Background Color on Column
  - Col Width
    
    Set Column Widths
  - Col Class
    
    Apply CSS Class to Column
HTML Advanced Lists
- Nested Lists
  - Deep Nesting
    
    Multi-level Hierarchical Lists
  - CSS Styling
    
    Different Bullets per Level
  - Accessibility
    
    Screen Reader Announcement
- Horizontal Lists
  - Navigation Menu
    
    Horizontal Nav Links
  - Dropdown Menu
    
    Nested Horizontal Menu
  - Breadcrumb
    
    Home Category Product
- List Counters
  - CSS Counters
    
    counter-reset counter-increment
  - Numbered Nested Lists
    
    1.1 1.2 Format
  - Content Property
    
    ::before with counter()
- Custom Markers
  - ::marker Pseudo-element
    
    Style List Bullets
  - List Style Image
    
    Image as Bullet
  - Emoji Bullets
    
    Use Emoji as List Marker
- Description Lists
  - Definition Lists
    
    Glossary of Terms
  - FAQ Pages
    
    Question Answer Format
  - Metadata Display
    
    Property Value Pairs
HTML Advanced Links
- Link States
  - :link :visited :hover :active
    
    Order Important
  - :focus-visible
    
    Keyboard Focus Indicator
  - :target
    
    Target Section Styling
- Smooth Scroll
  - scroll-behavior:smooth
    
    CSS Smooth Scroll
  - JavaScript Scroll
    
    element.scrollIntoView()
  - Offset for Fixed Header
    
    scroll-margin-top
- Link Preview
  - Link Preview Metadata
    
    OG Tags for Preview
  - Social Media Cards
    
    Twitter Card Open Graph
- Download Links
  - Download Attribute
    
    Force Download File
  - Download Filename
    
    download="filename.pdf"
- Email Links
  - mailto with Subject
    
    ?subject=Hello
  - mailto with Body
    
    &body=Message
  - mailto with CC
    
    &cc=email@example.com
  - mailto with BCC
    
    &bcc=email@example.com
  - Multiple Recipients
    
    email1
- Phone Links
  - tel Protocol
    
    Click to Call
  - SMS Protocol
    
    sms:number?body=text
- WhatsApp Links
  - wa.me Link
    
    WhatsApp Chat Link
  - WhatsApp API
    
    Send Pre-filled Message
- Telegram Links
  - t.me Link
    
    Telegram Contact
- Signal Links
  - signal.me
    
    Signal Private Messenger
- Skype Links
  - skype:username
    
    Skype Call
- Zoom Links
  - zoom.us Join
    
    Join Meeting Link
- Google Meet
  - meet.google.com
    
    Join Link
- Deep Linking
  - App Deep Links
    
    Open Mobile App
  - Universal Links
    
    iOS Deep Linking
  - Android App Links
    
    Android Deep Linking
HTML Advanced Canvas
- Canvas Animation
  - requestAnimationFrame
    
    Smooth Animation Loop
  - Frame Rate
    
    60 FPS Target
  - Delta Time
    
    Frame Independent Movement
- Canvas Transformations
  - Translate
    
    Move Origin
  - Rotate
    
    Rotate Around Origin
  - Scale
    
    Scale Drawing
  - Transform Matrix
    
    Direct Matrix Manipulation
- Canvas States
  - save() restore()
    
    Push Pop State
- Canvas Clipping
  - clip()
    
    Clip Region Drawing
- Canvas Shadows
  - shadowColor shadowBlur
    
    Drop Shadow Effect
  - shadowOffsetX shadowOffsetY
    
    Shadow Direction
- Canvas Gradients
  - Linear Gradient
    
    createLinearGradient
  - Radial Gradient
    
    createRadialGradient
  - Conic Gradient
    
    createConicGradient
- Canvas Patterns
  - createPattern
    
    Repeat Image Pattern
- Canvas Composition
  - globalCompositeOperation
    
    Blend Modes
- Canvas Filters
  - filter Property
    
    Blur Grayscale Brightness
- Canvas Pixel Manipulation
  - getImageData
    
    Pixel Level Access
  - putImageData
    
    Draw Pixel Data
  - createImageData
    
    Blank Pixel Array
- Canvas Performance
  - OffscreenCanvas
    
    Render in Worker
  - requestAnimationFrame
    
    Optimized Animation
  - Avoid Canvas Resize
    
    Set Width Height Attributes
- Canvas Hit Detection
  - isPointInPath
    
    Detect Click on Shape
  - isPointInStroke
    
    Detect Line Click
- Canvas Export
  - toDataURL()
    
    Export as PNG JPG
  - toBlob()
    
    Export as Blob Object
HTML Advanced SVG
- SVG Animation
  - <animate>
    
    Animate Attributes
  - <animateTransform>
    
    Animate Transformations
  - <animateMotion>
    
    Animate Along Path
  - SMIL vs CSS
    
    SMIL More Powerful
- SVG Interaction
  - JavaScript in SVG
    
    script Element
  - Event Listeners
    
    onclick onmouseover
  - Manipulate SVG
    
    DOM Methods
- SVG Filters
  - <filter>
    
    Apply Effects
  - feGaussianBlur
    
    Blur Effect
  - feColorMatrix
    
    Color Transformation
  - feDropShadow
    
    Drop Shadow
  - feMerge
    
    Combine Multiple Effects
  - feBlend
    
    Blend Modes
  - feComposite
    
    Composition Effects
- SVG Text
  - <textPath>
    
    Text on Path
  - <tspan>
    
    Multi-line Text
  - <textArea>
    
    Text Wrapping
- SVG Gradients
  - <linearGradient>
    
    Linear Color Transition
  - <radialGradient>
    
    Radial Color Transition
- SVG Patterns
  - <pattern>
    
    Repeating Pattern Fill
- SVG Clipping
  - <clipPath>
    
    Clip Region
- SVG Masking
  - <mask>
    
    Masking Effect
- SVG Optimization
  - SVG Optimization Tools
    
    SVGO Compressor
  - Remove Metadata
    
    Smaller File Size
  - Inline vs External
    
    Inline for Small Icons
- SVG Accessibility
  - <title>
    
    SVG Title
  - <desc>
    
    SVG Description
  - role="img"
    
    Accessible Image Role
HTML Advanced Video
- Video Events
  - loadedmetadata
    
    Video Info Loaded
  - canplay
    
    Enough Data to Play
  - play
    
    pause
  - waiting
    
    Buffering
  - error
    
    Video Error
- Video Controls
  - Custom Controls
    
    JavaScript Controls
  - Play Pause Button
    
    Toggle Playback
  - Volume Slider
    
    Change Volume
  - Progress Bar
    
    Seek Video
  - Fullscreen Button
    
    Fullscreen API
  - Playback Speed
    
    playbackRate Property
- Video Captions
  - <track> Element
    
    Subtitle Support
  - WebVTT Format
    
    .vtt File Format
  - kind="subtitles"
    
    Closed Captions
  - kind="captions"
    
    Audio Description
  - kind="descriptions"
    
    Visual Description
  - kind="chapters"
    
    Chapter Markers
  - kind="metadata"
    
    Metadata Track
- Video Quality
  - HLS Streaming
    
    .m3u8 Playlist
  - DASH Streaming
    
    MPEG-DASH
  - Adaptive Bitrate
    
    Quality Based on Bandwidth
- Video DRM
  - Encrypted Media Extensions
    
    EME API
  - Widevine
    
    Google DRM
  - PlayReady
    
    Microsoft DRM
  - FairPlay
    
    Apple DRM
HTML Advanced Audio
- Audio Events
  - canplay through
    
    Audio Ready
  - play pause ended
    
    Playback Events
  - timeupdate
    
    Current Time Update
- Audio Visualization
  - Web Audio API
    
    Audio Context
  - Analyser Node
    
    Frequency Data
  - Canvas Drawing
    
    Visualizer Effect
- Audio Recording
  - MediaRecorder API
    
    Record Audio
  - getUserMedia
    
    Microphone Access
  - Save Recording
    
    Blob Download
HTML Advanced Web APIs
- Web Audio API
  - AudioContext
    
    Advanced Audio Processing
  - Oscillator Node
    
    Generate Sound
  - Gain Node
    
    Volume Control
  - Stereo Panner
    
    Pan Left Right
- Web MIDI API
  - MIDI Access
    
    Musical Instrument Digital Interface
  - Input Output
    
    Connect MIDI Devices
- Web Bluetooth API
  - Bluetooth Device
    
    Connect BLE Devices
  - Characteristics
    
    Read Write Data
- Web USB API
  - USB Device Access
    
    Connect USB Devices
- Web Serial API
  - Serial Port Communication
    
    Arduino Connection
- WebHID API
  - Human Interface Device
    
    Gamepad Keyboard Access
- WebNFC API
  - Near Field Communication
    
    Tap to Read Write
- Web Share API
  - navigator.share
    
    Share Content
- Web Share Target
  - Share Target API
    
    Receive Shared Content
- Web Locks API
  - navigator.locks
    
    Resource Locking
  - Cross Tab Coordination
    
    Prevent Conflicts
- Badging API
  - setAppBadge
    
    Notification Badge Count
  - clearAppBadge
    
    Clear Badge
- Contact Picker API
  - selectContacts
    
    Select Device Contacts
  - Contact Properties
    
    name email tel
- File System Access API
  - showOpenFilePicker
    
    Open File
  - showSaveFilePicker
    
    Save File
  - showDirectoryPicker
    
    Open Folder
- Idle Detection API
  - IdleDetector
    
    User Idle State Detection
  - Idle State
    
    Active Idle Locked
  - Permission Required
    
    Idle Detection Permission
- Keyboard Lock API
  - keyboard.lock
    
    Lock Modifier Keys
  - Unlock Method
    
    Release Keyboard Lock
- Pointer Lock API
  - requestPointerLock
    
    Capture Mouse Pointer
  - Pointer Movement
    
    deltaX deltaY
- Screen Wake Lock API
  - wakeLock.request
    
    Prevent Screen Sleep
  - Release Wake Lock
    
    Screen Wake Lock Release
- Screen Orientation API
  - screen.orientation
    
    Lock Screen Rotation
  - orientationchange Event
    
    Detect Orientation Change
- Device Orientation API
  - deviceorientation
    
    Device Tilt Rotation
  - devicemotion
    
    Device Acceleration
  - Permission Required
    
    Sensor Permissions
- Payment Handler API
  - Payment Handler
    
    Register Payment App
  - canMakePayment
    
    Check Payment Availability
- Secure Payment Confirmation
  - SPC API
    
    Biometric Authentication
- Digital Goods API
  - Digital Goods
    
    In App Purchases
  - Get Details
    
    Product Information
HTML Progressive Web Apps
- What is PWA
  - Progressive Web App
    
    Native Like Experience
- PWA Requirements
  - HTTPS Required
    
    Service Worker Manifest
- Web App Manifest
  - manifest.json
    
    App Metadata
- Manifest Properties
  - name short_name
    
    App Name
  - start_url
    
    Launch URL
  - display
    
    standalone fullscreen minimal-ui
  - theme_color
    
    Title Bar Color
  - background_color
    
    Splash Screen Color
  - icons
    
    App Icons for Different Sizes
  - orientation
    
    Screen Orientation Lock
  - scope
    
    URL Scope of App
- Service Workers
  - Service Worker Registration
    
    Register SW
  - Install Event
    
    Cache Assets
  - Activate Event
    
    Clean Old Caches
  - Fetch Event
    
    Network Cache Strategies
  - Cache Strategies
    
    Cache First Network Fallback
    
    Network First Cache Fallback
    
    Stale While Revalidate
  - Cache Storage
    
    caches.open()
  - Offline Support
    
    Offline Page Fallback
  - Push Notifications
    
    Service Worker Push Event
  - Notification Click
    
    Notification Click Handler
  - Background Sync
    
    Background Sync API
- PWA Installation
  - Install Prompt
    
    beforeinstallprompt Event
  - Install Button
    
    Custom Install Button
  - User Choice
    
    Accept or Dismiss Install
- PWA Update
  - Update Flow
    
    New Service Worker Activation
  - skipWaiting
    
    Force Update
  - clients.claim
    
    Take Control of Pages
- PWA Security
  - HTTPS Required
    
    Secure Context
  - Content Security Policy
    
    CSP for SW
- PWA Testing
  - Lighthouse PWA Audit
    
    Check PWA Requirements
  - Chrome DevTools
    
    Application Tab
- PWA Examples
  - PWA Examples
    
    Twitter Lite Pinterest Spotify
HTML Web Components
- Introduction
  - Web Components Standard
    
    Reusable Components
  - Browser Support
    
    All Modern Browsers
- Custom Elements
  - define Method
    
    Register Custom Element
  - Class Definition
    
    Extends HTMLElement
  - Lifecycle Callbacks
    
    connectedCallback disconnectedCallback
  - Attribute Observation
    
    observedAttributes attributeChangedCallback
  - Adopted Callback
    
    adoptedCallback for iframe
  - Autonomous Elements
    
    Extend HTMLElement Directly
  - Customized Built-in Elements
    
    Extend button input div
  - Naming Rules
    
    Must Contain Hyphen
- Shadow DOM
  - Encapsulation
    
    CSS and DOM Isolation
  - attachShadow
    
    Create Shadow Root
  - Mode Open
    
    Accessible from JavaScript
  - Mode Closed
    
    Not Accessible from JS
  - Shadow Host
    
    Parent Element Reference
  - Shadow Root
    
    Root of Shadow Tree
  - Light DOM
    
    Content Before Encapsulation
  - Slot Element
    
    Content Projection
  - Named Slot
    
    slot="name" Attribute
  - Default Slot
    
    Unnamed Slot for Remaining Content
  - Slotted Pseudo-element
    
    ::slotted() Selector
  - Part Attribute
    
    expose-part for Styling
  - Constructable Stylesheets
    
    Shared Styles
- HTML Templates
  - <template> Tag
    
    Inert HTML Content
  - cloneNode
    
    Clone Template Content
  - importNode
    
    Import Node from Template
  - Adopt Styles
    
    Style Encapsulation
- HTML Slots
  - <slot> Element
    
    Content Insertion Point
  - slotchange Event
    
    Detect Slot Content Change
  - Slot Assignment
    
    Assigned Nodes
- CSS Shadow Parts
  - part Attribute
    
    Style from Outside
  - ::part() Pseudo-class
    
    Target Part from Outside
  - Export Parts
    
    Multiple Part Names
- Element Internals
  - attachInternals
    
    Attach Internal API
  - setFormValue
    
    Form Integration
  - setValidity
    
    Custom Validation
  - Form Associated Custom Elements
    
    Form Participation
  - ARIA Reflection
    
    Accessibility Properties
- Examples
  - Custom Button
    
    Simple Custom Button Component
  - Custom Card
    
    Reusable Card Component
  - Custom Tooltip
    
    Tooltip on Hover
  - Custom Rating
    
    Star Rating Component
  - Custom Tabs
    
    Tabs Component
  - Custom Modal
    
    Modal Dialog Component
- Frameworks Compatibility
  - React with Web Components
    
    Works with Wrappers
HTML Responsive Design
- Advanced Responsive
  - Container Queries
    
    Element Based Responsive
- Container Queries
  - Container Type
    
    inline-size normal size
  - Container Name
    
    Named Containers
  - @container Query
    
    Syntax Usage
  - Container Units
    
    cqw cqh cqi cqb cqmin cqmax
  - Browser Support
    
    Chrome Firefox Safari 2023+
- Style Queries
  - Container Style Queries
    
    Query CSS Properties
  - Style Query Example
    
    Detect Custom Property Value
- Viewport Units
  - New Units
    
    svw svh lvw lvh dvw dvh
  - vi vb
    
    Inline Block Viewport Units
- Small Viewport Units
  - svw svh
    
    Stable Small Viewport
- Large Viewport Units
  - lvw lvh
    
    Stable Large Viewport
- Dynamic Viewport Units
  - dvw dvh
    
    Dynamic Address Bar
- Responsive Typography
  - clamp() Function
    
    Responsive Font Sizes
  - clamp Syntax
    
    clamp(min
  - Clamp Example
    
    clamp(16px
  - Viewport Units
    
    calc(16px + 1vw)
- Responsive Spacing
  - Clamp for Margin
    
    Padding with clamp()
- Responsive Grid
  - auto-fit vs auto-fill
    
    Grid Responsive Columns
  - minmax()
    
    Minimum Maximum Column Width
  - repeat()
    
    Repeat Columns Pattern
  - Grid Template Columns
    
    repeat(auto-fit
- Responsive Images
  - Image Resolution Switching
    
    different sizes for different screens
  - Art Direction
    
    different crops for different devices
  - Format Fallback
    
    WebP AVIF with Fallback
- Responsive Video
  - Aspect Ratio
    
    aspect-ratio CSS Property
  - Object Fit
    
    cover contain fill
  - Embedded Video
    
    YouTube Vimeo Responsive
- Responsive Tables
  - Overflow Scroll
    
    overflow-x: auto on Container
  - Cards on Mobile
    
    Display Block on Small Screens
  - Hide Columns
    
    Hide Less Important Columns on Mobile
- Responsive Navigation
  - Hamburger Menu
    
    JavaScript Toggle
  - CSS Only Hamburger
    
    Checkbox Hack
  - Off Canvas Menu
    
    Slide from Side
  - Top Navigation Stack
    
    Vertical on Mobile
  - Bottom Navigation
    
    Mobile Bottom Tab Bar
- Responsive Testing
  - Chrome DevTools
    
    Device Toolbar
  - Responsively App
    
    Multiple Devices Simultaneously
  - BrowserStack
    
    Cross Browser Testing
HTML Micro Frontends
- Micro Frontends Introduction
  - Micro Frontends
    
    Multiple Teams One App
- Integration Methods
  - Iframe Integration
    
    Simplest Isolation
  - Web Components
    
    Standard Based Integration
  - Module Federation
    
    Webpack Module Federation
  - Import Maps
    
    ES Module Loading
- Web Components Role
  - Custom Elements
    
    Each Team Own Element
  - Shadow DOM
    
    Style Isolation
  - Event Communication
    
    Custom Events
- Import Maps
  - import-map
    
    Module Mapping
  - Module Resolution
    
    Browser Native Module Loading
- Module Federation
  - Expose Modules
    
    Share Code Between Apps
  - Consume Modules
    
    Load Remote Components
HTML HTML Email
- Email HTML Introduction
  - Email HTML
    
    HTML for Email Clients
- Email HTML Differences
  - Table Based Layout
    
    CSS Support Limited
  - Inline CSS Only
    
    External Styles Not Supported
  - No JavaScript
    
    For Security Reasons
  - No Flexbox Grid
    
    Use Tables for Layout
- Email HTML Best Practices
  - Table Layout
    
    <table> for Structure
  - Width 100%
    
    Responsive Email
  - Inline Styles
    
    style Attribute Only
  - Background Color
    
    Use bgcolor Attribute
  - Image Hosting
    
    Public URL Required
  - Alt Text
    
    Important for Images
  - Preview Text
    
    First Lines Important
  - Spam Words
    
    Avoid Trigger Words
- Email HTML Testing
  - Email Testing Tools
    
    Litmus Email on Acid
  - Send Test Emails
    
    Multiple Clients
- Email HTML Clients
  - Gmail Support
    
    Good Support
  - Outlook Support
    
    Partial Support
  - Apple Mail
    
    Excellent Support
  - Thunderbird
    
    Good Support
HTML Game Development
- HTML Games
  - Canvas Games
    
    2D Game Development
  - RequestAnimationFrame
    
    Game Loop
- Canvas Game Basics
  - Game Loop Structure
    
    Update Draw Loop
  - Input Handling
    
    Keyboard Mouse Events
  - Collision Detection
    
    Rect Circle Collision
- Canvas Game Examples
  - Snake Game
    
    Classic Snake Game
  - Pong Game
    
    Classic Pong Game
  - Space Invaders
    
    Shooting Game
  - Platformer
    
    Jump and Run
  - Memory Card Game
    
    Match Pairs
  - Flappy Bird Clone
    
    Obstacle Avoidance
- Game Engines
  - Phaser JS
    
    Popular HTML5 Game Framework
  - PixiJS
    
    2D WebGL Renderer
  - Three JS
    
    3D Games
  - Babylon JS
    
    3D Game Engine
- Game Physics
  - Matter JS
    
    2D Physics Engine
  - Planck JS
    
    Box2D Web Port
- Multiplayer Games
  - WebSockets
    
    Real Time Multiplayer
  - PeerJS
    
    P2P Connection
  - Game State Sync
    
    Server Authority
- Game Monetization
  - Ad Integration
    
    AdMob for Web
  - In App Purchases
    
    PWA Payment API
  - Subscription
    
    Recurring Payments
HTML Advanced Graphics
- Three.js Introduction
  - Three.js
    
    3D Graphics Library
- Three.js Setup
  - Scene Camera Renderer
    
    Basic Three.js Structure
- Three.js Scene
  - Scene Background
    
    Color or Texture
- Three.js Camera
  - PerspectiveCamera
    
    FOV Aspect Near Far
- Three.js Renderer
  - WebGLRenderer
    
    Canvas Element
- Three.js Geometries
  - BoxGeometry
    
    Cube Shape
  - SphereGeometry
    
    Sphere Shape
  - CylinderGeometry
    
    Cylinder Shape
  - TorusGeometry
    
    Donut Shape
- Three.js Materials
  - MeshBasicMaterial
    
    Solid Color
  - MeshStandardMaterial
    
    Light Responsive
- Three.js Lighting
  - AmbientLight
    
    Base Illumination
  - DirectionalLight
    
    Sun Light
  - PointLight
    
    Bulb Light
- Three.js Animation
  - requestAnimationFrame
    
    Animate Loop
  - Rotate Scale
    
    Object Transformation
- Three.js Controls
  - OrbitControls
    
    Rotate Pan Zoom
- Three.js Loaders
  - GLTFLoader
    
    Import 3D Models
- Three.js Textures
  - TextureLoader
    
    Image Mapping
- Babylon.js Introduction
  - Babylon.js
    
    Microsoft 3D Library
- Babylon.js Setup
  - Engine Scene
    
    Basic Structure
- Babylon.js Mesh
  - Create Box Sphere
    
    Basic Shapes
- Babylon.js Materials
  - Standard Material
    
    Color Texture
- Babylon.js Lighting
  - Hemispheric Light
    
    Natural Light
- Babylon.js Camera
  - ArcRotateCamera
    
    Orbit Camera
- WebGL Introduction
  - WebGL API
    
    Low Level 3D Graphics
- WebGL Shaders
  - Vertex Shader
    
    Position Processing
  - Fragment Shader
    
    Color Processing
- WebGPU Introduction
  - WebGPU API
    
    Next Gen Graphics
- WebGPU vs WebGL
  - Performance
    
    Better Compute Capabilities
HTML Printing
- Print CSS
  - Print Stylesheet
    
    media="print"
  - Print Specific Styles
    
    Hide Navigation Show Content
  - Page Breaks
    
    page-break-before page-break-after
  - Print Links
    
    Show URL After Links
- Print JavaScript
  - window.print()
    
    Browser Print Dialog
  - Before Print Event
    
    Prepare Page for Print
  - After Print Event
    
    Restore Page
- Print Optimization
  - Print Colors
    
    Black and White Friendly
  - Print Fonts
    
    Serif Fonts Better
  - Print Margins
    
    @page Margin Rule
HTML Offline
- Offline Support
  - Service Worker
    
    Offline First
  - Cache API
    
    Store Assets
  - IndexedDB
    
    Structured Data Storage
- IndexedDB
  - Database Creation
    
    openRequest
  - Object Store
    
    Create Store
  - Transaction
    
    Read Write Operations
  - CRUD Operations
    
    Add Get Delete Data
  - Cursor
    
    Iterate Through Data
  - Indexes
    
    Search Optimization
- Cache API
  - caches.open
    
    Open Cache
  - cache.addAll
    
    Add Multiple Requests
  - cache.match
    
    Retrieve from Cache
  - cache.delete
    
    Remove from Cache
- Background Sync
  - BackgroundSync
    
    Offline Actions
  - sync.register
    
    Register Sync Event
  - Retry Failed Requests
    
    Automatic Retry
- Periodic Sync
  - PeriodicBackgroundSync
    
    Background Updates
  - minInterval
    
    Minimum Sync Interval
  - Permission Required
    
    User Permission
HTML SEO Advanced
- International SEO
  - hreflang Annotation
    
    Language Region Targeting
- hreflang
  - x-default
    
    Hreflang Default Language
  - Self Referential
    
    Page References Itself
- Canonical Tags
  - Cross Domain Canonical
    
    Syndicated Content
  - Parameter Handling
    
    Canonical to Clean URL
  - Pagination Canonical
    
    View All Page
- Structured Data
  - Product Schema
    
    Price Availability
  - Review Schema
    
    Star Ratings
  - Local Business Schema
    
    Address Phone Hours
  - Organization Schema
    
    Logo Social Profiles
  - Event Schema
    
    Date Location Tickets
  - Recipe Schema
    
    Ingredients Instructions
  - FAQ Schema
    
    Questions and Answers
  - HowTo Schema
    
    Step by Step Guide
  - Breadcrumb Schema
    
    Navigation Path
  - Sitelinks Searchbox
    
    Website Search
  - Video Schema
    
    Video Description Thumbnail
  - Article Schema
    
    Headline Date Author
  - Job Posting Schema
    
    Job Title Salary
  - Course Schema
    
    Course Name Provider
  - Software Application Schema
    
    App Name Rating
- JSON-LD
  - JavaScript Object Notation
    
    Script Tag Type
  - @context
    
    Schema.org URL
  - @type
    
    Schema Type
  - Nested Objects
    
    Complex Data Structure
  - Array Values
    
    Multiple Items
- Rich Results
  - Rich Snippets
    
    Enhanced Search Results
  - Testing Tool
    
    Rich Results Test
  - Search Console
    
    Performance Report
- Core Web Vitals
  - LCP Optimization
    
    Largest Contentful Paint
  - FID Optimization
    
    First Input Delay
  - CLS Optimization
    
    Cumulative Layout Shift
  - INP
    
    Interaction to Next Paint
  - TTFB
    
    Time To First Byte
- Mobile SEO
  - Viewport Configuration
    
    Mobile Friendly
  - Mobile First Indexing
    
    Google Priority Mobile
  - Responsive Design
    
    Single URL
  - Dynamic Serving
    
    User Agent Detection
  - Separate Mobile URLs
    
    m.domain.com
  - Page Speed Mobile
    
    Mobile Performance
- Log File Analysis
  - Server Logs
    
    Bot Activity
  - Crawl Budget
    
    Pages Crawled
  - Crawl Frequency
    
    How Often Bots Visit
- JavaScript SEO
  - Client Side Rendering
    
    Google Supports
  - Server Side Rendering
    
    Better for SEO
  - Dynamic Rendering
    
    Prerender.io
  - Hybrid Rendering
    
    SSR + CSR
- Ecommerce SEO
  - Product Schema
    
    Rich Product Results
  - Category Structure
    
    URL Hierarchy
  - Faceted Navigation
    
    Crawl Optimization
  - Product Variants
    
    Canonical URLs
HTML Accessibility Advanced
- WCAG Guidelines
  - WCAG 2.1
    
    Success Criteria
- ARIA Live Regions
  - polite assertive
    
    Screen Reader Announcements
  - aria-live attribute
    
    Dynamic Content Updates
  - role="status"
    
    Status Messages
  - role="alert"
    
    Important Alerts
  - role="log"
    
    Chat Logs
  - role="progressbar"
    
    Loading Status
  - aria-atomic
    
    Announce Whole Region
  - aria-relevant
    
    Additions Removals Text
- Focus Management
  - Focus Trap
    
    Modal Dialog Loop
  - Focus Return
    
    Close Modal Focus Back
  - Focus Indicators
    
    Visible Focus Ring
  - Focus Order
    
    Logical Tab Order
  - Skip Navigation Link
    
    Skip to Main Content
- Keyboard Navigation
  - Tabindex Values
    
    0 -1 Positive
  - Arrow Keys
    
    Menu Navigation
  - Space Enter
    
    Activate Elements
  - Escape Key
    
    Close Modals
- Screen Reader Testing
  - NVDA
    
    Free Windows Screen Reader
  - JAWS
    
    Commercial Windows Reader
  - VoiceOver
    
    macOS iOS Built-in
  - TalkBack
    
    Android Screen Reader
  - Narrator
    
    Windows Built-in
- Color Contrast Testing
  - WCAG Contrast Checker
    
    Online Tools
  - Color Blindness Simulator
    
    See as Color Blind
  - High Contrast Mode
    
    Windows High Contrast
- Accessible Components
  - Accordion
    
    ARIA Expanded Controls
  - Tabs
    
    ARIA Tablist Tab Tabpanel
  - Carousel
    
    ARIA Live Region
  - Modal Dialog
    
    Focus Trap Escape Close
  - Tooltip
    
    ARIA Tooltip Role
  - Date Picker
    
    ARIA Grid Role
  - Slider
    
    ARIA Slider Role
  - Tree View
    
    ARIA Tree Role
  - Menu Bar
    
    ARIA Menubar Role
  - Progress Bar
    
    ARIA Progressbar Role
- Legal Requirements
  - ADA
    
    Americans with Disabilities Act
  - Section 508
    
    US Federal Law
  - EAA
    
    European Accessibility Act
  - AODA
    
    Ontario Canada Law
  - Accessibility Lawsuits
    
    Legal Risk Mitigation
HTML Tools
- HTML Validator
  - W3C Validator
    
    Check HTML Syntax
  - HTMLHint
    
    Linting Tool
  - Nu HTML Checker
    
    Validator
- HTML Formatter
  - Prettier
    
    Code Formatter
  - JS Beautify
    
    HTML Beautifier
- HTML Minifier
  - HTMLMinifier
    
    Compress HTML
  - Minify
    
    Remove Whitespace
- HTML Converter
  - Markdown to HTML
    
    Convert MD to HTML
  - Rich Text to HTML
    
    Convert Editor Content
  - CSV to HTML Table
    
    Generate Tables
- HTML Editor
  - WYSIWYG Editors
    
    TinyMCE CKEditor
  - CodePen
    
    Online Playground
  - JSFiddle
    
    Online Testing
  - CodeSandbox
    
    Full Environment
  - Replit
    
    Online IDE
- HTML Testing
  - Cross Browser Testing
    
    BrowserStack LambdaTest
  - Responsive Testing
    
    Responsively App
  - Performance Testing
    
    PageSpeed Insights WebPageTest
  - Accessibility Testing
    
    axe Lighthouse WAVE
- HTML Generators
  - Favicon Generator
    
    RealFaviconGenerator
  - Social Card Generator
    
    Open Graph Image
  - SVG Placeholder
    
    SVG Placeholder Generator
  - Lorem Ipsum Generator
    
    Placeholder Text
- HTML Learning Resources
  - MDN Web Docs
    
    Mozilla Documentation
  - W3Schools
    
    Tutorials Reference
  - HTML Spec
    
    WHATWG Living Standard
  - Can I Use
    
    Browser Support Data
  - CSS Tricks
    
    HTML CSS Articles
- HTML Cheat Sheets
  - HTML Tag Cheat Sheet
    
    All Tags Reference
  - HTML Attribute Cheat Sheet
    
    All Attributes
  - HTML5 Cheat Sheet
    
    HTML5 Features
  - Accessibility Cheat Sheet
    
    ARIA Guide
HTML Complete Guide
- HTML Version History
  - HTML 1.0
    
    First Version 1993
  - HTML 2.0
    
    Standardized 1995
  - HTML 3.2
    
    Math Support 1997
  - HTML 4.01
    
    Strict Transitional Frameset 1999
  - XHTML 1.0
    
    Strict XML Syntax 2000
  - HTML5
    
    Latest Major Version 2014
  - HTML Living Standard
    
    Continuous Updates WHATWG
- HTML Timeline
  - Birth of Web
    
    Tim Berners Lee 1989
  - First Browser
    
    WorldWideWeb 1990
  - HTML as Standard
    
    IETF 1993
  - W3C Formation
    
    World Wide Web Consortium 1994
  - XHTML Failure
    
    XHTML 2.0 Abandoned
  - WHATWG Formation
    
    Apple Mozilla Opera 2004
  - HTML5 Standard
    
    W3C Recommendation 2014
- HTML Future
  - HTML6 Possibilities
    
    Proposed Features
  - Web Components Maturity
    
    Wider Adoption
  - AI Integration
    
    Intelligent HTML Generation
  - Immersive Web
    
    WebXR Evolution
- HTML Industry
  - Job Market
    
    HTML Developer Demand
  - Freelance Opportunities
    
    HTML CSS for Clients
  - Full Stack Role
    
    HTML Essential Foundation
  - Frameworks Relation
    
    React Vue Angular Use HTML
- HTML Best Practices
  - Semantic HTML
    
    Use Proper Elements
  - Validation
    
    Always Validate HTML
  - Accessibility
    
    WCAG Compliant
  - Performance
    
    Optimize Loading
  - SEO Friendly
    
    Structured Properly
  - Clean Code
    
    Proper Indentation Comments
  - File Organization
    
    Logical Folder Structure
  - Version Control
    
    Git for HTML Projects
- HTML Common Mistakes
  - Forgetting Closing Tags
    
    Validation Error
  - Wrong Nesting
    
    Improper Hierarchy
  - Case Sensitivity
    
    Lowercase Tags Best
  - Missing Alt Text
    
    Accessibility Fail
  - Inline Styles Avoid
    
    Use CSS Classes
  - Divitis
    
    Excessive Div Usage
  - Ignoring Semantics
    
    Accessibility Issue
  - Not Responsive
    
    Mobile Unfriendly
  - Slow Loading
    
    Optimization Needed
- HTML Project Ideas
  - Beginner Portfolio
    
    Personal Website
  - Business Website
    
    Small Business Site
  - Blog Platform
    
    HTML CSS Blog
  - Ecommerce Site
    
    Product Listing Page
  - Landing Page
    
    Marketing Campaign Page
  - Restaurant Website
    
    Menu Booking
  - Travel Blog
    
    Destinations Gallery
  - Fitness Website
    
    Workout Plans
  - Educational Site
    
    Courses Content
  - News Website
    
    Article Layout
  - Social Media Dashboard
    
    Analytics Display
  - Admin Panel
    
    Backend Interface
  - Portfolio Gallery
    
    Image Grid
  - Event Website
    
    Conference Page
  - Wedding Invitation
    
    Digital Invite
  - Real Estate Site
    
    Property Listings
  - Job Portal
    
    Job Listings Board
  - Recipe Website
    
    Food Recipes
  - Weather App
    
    API Integration
  - Todo App
    
    Task Management
  - Calculator App
    
    Math Operations
  - Quiz App
    
    Interactive Questions
  - Memory Game
    
    Card Matching
  - Snake Game
    
    Classic Arcade
  - Tic Tac Toe
    
    Two Player Game
  - Connect Four
    
    Grid Strategy Game
  - Flappy Bird Clone
    
    Obstacle Game
  - Pong Game
    
    Ball Paddle Game
  - Space Invaders
    
    Shooting Game
  - Platformer Game
    
    Jump Run Game
  - Drawing App
    
    Canvas Painter
  - Photo Editor
    
    Filter Effects
  - Video Player
    
    Custom Controls
  - Audio Player
    
    Playlist Feature
  - Podcast Website
    
    Episode List
  - Music Streaming
    
    Album Player
  - Chart Generator
    
    Data Visualization
  - File Explorer
    
    Dropbox Style
  - Markdown Editor
    
    Live Preview
  - Code Editor
    
    Syntax Highlighting
  - Calendar App
    
    Event Scheduler
  - Clock App
    
    Analog Digital
  - Stopwatch Timer
    
    Countdown Feature
  - Weather Dashboard
    
    Forecast Display
  - Currency Converter
    
    Exchange Rates
  - Unit Converter
    
    Measurements
  - Color Picker
    
    HEX RGB HSL
  - Image Slider
    
    Carousel Gallery
  - Modal Popup
    
    Dialog Box
  - Accordion FAQ
    
    Expand Collapse
  - Tabs Component
    
    Switch Content
  - Tooltip Component
    
    Hover Info
  - Progress Bar
    
    Loading Indicator
  - Skeleton Loader
    
    Placeholder UI
  - Infinite Scroll
    
    Lazy Load Content
  - Parallax Effect
    
    Scrolling Depth
  - Typewriter Effect
    
    Animated Text
  - Particle Background
    
    Canvas Particles
  - 3D Cube Animation
    
    Three.js
  - Product Card
    
    Shop Item Display
  - Pricing Table
    
    Subscription Plans
  - Testimonials
    
    User Reviews
  - Team Section
    
    Staff Profiles
  - Contact Form
    
    User Inquiry
  - Login Signup
    
    Authentication Form
  - Search Bar
    
    Filter Results
  - Navigation Menu
    
    Dropdown Sidebar
  - Breadcrumb Navigation
    
    Path Tracker
  - Pagination
    
    Page Navigation
  - Load More Button
    
    Progressive Loading
  - Star Rating
    
    User Feedback
  - Like Button
    
    Interaction Component
  - Share Button
    
    Social Media Share
  - Copy Button
    
    Clipboard Copy
  - Notification Toast
    
    Alert Message
  - Loading Spinner
    
    Wait Indicator
  - Pulse Animation
    
    Loading Effect
  - Ripple Effect
    
    Material Design
  - Flip Card
    
    3D Hover Effect
  - Glassy Morphism
    
    Frosted Glass UI
  - Neumorphism
    
    Soft UI Design
  - Glassmorphism
    
    Transparent Layer
  - Claymorphism
    
    Soft 3D Effect
  - Wireframe
    
    Low Fidelity Design
  - Prototype
    
    Clickable Mockup
- HTML Tutorial Summary
  - Complete HTML Coverage
    
    From Basics to Advanced
  - Tags Covered
    
    All Semantic and Formatting Tags
  - Attributes Covered
    
    Global Event Input Attributes
  - CSS Integration
    
    Inline Internal External
  - JavaScript Integration
    
    DOM Manipulation Events
  - Responsive Design
    
    Media Queries Flexbox Grid
  - Accessibility
    
    WCAG ARIA Screen Readers
  - Performance
    
    Optimization Techniques
  - Security
    
    CSP XSS Prevention
  - SEO
    
    Best Practices Structured Data
  - APIs Covered
    
    Storage Geolocation Workers
  - PWA
    
    Service Workers Manifest
  - Web Components
    
    Custom Elements Shadow DOM
  - Canvas SVG
    
    2D 3D Graphics
  - Media
    
    Videos Audio YouTube
  - Forms
    
    Input Types Validation
  - Tables
    
    Complex Data Display
  - Lists
    
    Nested Styled Lists
  - Links
    
    Navigation Bookmarks
  - Images
    
    Responsive Optimization
HTML Final Certification
- HTML Quiz Level 1
  - Beginner Questions
    
    Basic HTML Knowledge
- HTML Quiz Level 2
  - Intermediate Questions
    
    Forms Tables Lists
- HTML Quiz Level 3
  - Advanced Questions
    
    APIs Web Components
- HTML Quiz Level 4
  - Expert Questions
    
    Performance Security
- HTML Practical Exam
  - Build a Website
    
    Real World Project
  - Code Review
    
    Best Practices Check
- HTML Certificate
  - Completion Certificate
    
    HTML Mastery
  - Badge
    
    Digital Credential
HTML Final Resources
- Recommended Books
  - HTML and CSS Book
    
    Jon Duckett
  - HTML5 The Missing Manual
    
    Matthew MacDonald
  - Learning Web Design
    
    Jennifer Robbins
- Recommended Courses
  - FreeCodeCamp
    
    Responsive Web Design
  - Coursera
    
    HTML CSS JavaScript
  - Udemy
    
    Complete HTML Course
- Recommended YouTube
  - Traversy Media
    
    HTML Crash Course
  - Web Dev Simplified
    
    HTML Tutorials
  - FreeCodeCamp
    
    Full Courses
- Documentation
  - MDN Web Docs
    
    Most Reliable Reference
  - W3Schools
    
    Easy Reference
  - WHATWG Spec
    
    Official Standard
- Community
  - Stack Overflow
    
    HTML Questions Answers
    
    Q&A platform
  - Dev.to
    
    HTML Articles
    
    Developer blogging
  - Reddit r/html
    
    HTML Discussion
  - Discord Servers
    
    HTML Help Channels
  - GitHub
    
    Code hosting and collaboration
  - Reddit
    
    Subreddits for HTML
  - Discord
    
    Real time chat help
- Newsletters
  - HTML Weekly
    
    Weekly Updates
    
    Weekly HTML news
  - Frontend Focus
    
    Frontend News
    
    Frontend development news
  - CSS Tricks
    
    HTML CSS Tips
  - Web Tools Weekly
    
    Web dev tools
- GitHub Repositories
  - HTML Boilerplate
    
    Starting Template
  - HTML5 Please
    
    Feature Support
  - HTML Reference
    
    Comprehensive Guide
- Code Snippets
  - CSS Tricks Snippets
    
    Useful Code Pieces
  - 30 Seconds of Code
    
    Quick Solutions
  - Codepen Patterns
    
    Component Examples
- Tools List
  - HTML Editors
    
    VS Code Sublime
  - Online Editors
    
    Codepen JSFiddle
  - Validators
    
    W3C HTMLHint
  - Converters
    
    Markdown to HTML
  - Generators
    
    Favicon SVG Placeholder
  - Testing Tools
    
    BrowserStack LambdaTest
  - Performance Tools
    
    PageSpeed Lighthouse
  - Accessibility Tools
    
    axe WAVE Lighthouse
  - Color Tools
    
    Color Contrast Checker
  - Font Tools
    
    Google Fonts Font Squirrel
  - Image Tools
    
    TinyPNG Squoosh
- Thank You
  - Complete HTML Tutorial
    
    End of Comprehensive Guide
- Online Tools
  - CodePen
    
    Online HTML CSS JS editor
  - JSFiddle
    
    Test HTML snippets
  - Replit
    
    Full online IDE
  - CodeSandbox
    
    Web development environment
  - StackBlitz
    
    Online VS Code
- Validation Tools
  - W3C Validator
    
    Official HTML validator
  - HTMLHint
    
    Code linting tool
  - nu validator
    
    Modern HTML checker
- Performance Tools
  - PageSpeed Insights
    
    Google performance tool
  - Lighthouse
    
    DevTools audit
  - WebPageTest
    
    Detailed performance analysis
  - GTmetrix
    
    Performance monitoring
- Accessibility Tools
  - axe DevTools
    
    Accessibility testing
  - WAVE
    
    Web accessibility evaluation
  - Color Contrast Checker
    
    WCAG contrast testing
  - Screen Readers
    
    NVDA JAWS VoiceOver
- SEO Tools
  - Google Search Console
    
    SEO monitoring
  - Rich Results Test
    
    Structured data testing
  - Mobile Friendly Test
    
    Google mobile test
- Color Tools
  - Adobe Color
    
    Color palette generator
  - Coolors
    
    Color scheme designer
  - Color Hunt
    
    Curated color palettes
- Font Tools
  - Google Fonts
    
    Free web fonts
  - Font Squirrel
    
    Web font generator
  - System Font Stack
    
    Cross platform fonts
- Image Tools
  - TinyPNG
    
    Image compression
  - Squoosh
    
    Image optimization
  - Cloudinary
    
    Image CDN and optimization
  - Placeholder Images
    
    Placeholder image generators
- Learning Platforms
  - MDN Web Docs
    
    Complete documentation
  - W3Schools
    
    Tutorials and references
  - FreeCodeCamp
    
    Interactive learning
  - Coursera
    
    Online courses
  - Udemy
    
    Video courses
  - YouTube
    
    Free video tutorials
- Books
  - HTML and CSS by Jon Duckett
    
    Beginner friendly
  - Learning Web Design by Robbins
    
    Comprehensive guide
  - Responsive Web Design by Marcotte
    
    RWD principles
  - HTML5 The Missing Manual
    
    In depth coverage
- Certification
  - FreeCodeCamp
    
    Responsive Web Design cert
  - W3Schools
    
    HTML Certificate
  - Google Digital Garage
    
    Digital skills
HTML Final Checklist
- Learning Path
  - Week 1
    
    HTML Basics and Structure
  - Week 2
    
    Text Formatting and Lists
  - Week 3
    
    Links Images and Tables
  - Week 4
    
    Forms and Input Types
  - Week 5
    
    CSS Integration and Styling
  - Week 6
    
    Responsive Design and Media Queries
  - Week 7
    
    JavaScript Basics with HTML
  - Week 8
    
    APIs Storage and Workers
  - Week 9
    
    Accessibility and ARIA
  - Week 10
    
    SEO and Performance
  - Week 11
    
    Web Components and Shadow DOM
  - Week 12
    
    Final Projects and Certification
- Skills Check
  - Basic Tags
    
    DOCTYPE html head body
  - Text Elements
    
    h1-h6 p br hr
  - Formatting
    
    b strong i em mark small
  - Lists
    
    ul ol li dl dt dd
  - Tables
    
    table tr td th thead tbody
  - Forms
    
    input textarea select button
  - Media
    
    img video audio canvas svg
  - Links
    
    a href target download
  - Semantic
    
    header nav main article section aside footer
  - Attributes
    
    id class style title lang
  - HTML5 Features
    
    datalist details summary dialog
  - Responsive
    
    viewport media queries flexbox grid
  - Accessibility
    
    alt text labels ARIA
  - Performance
    
    lazy loading preload defer async
  - SEO
    
    meta tags structured data canonical
  - APIs
    
    localStorage sessionStorage geolocation
  - PWA
    
    manifest service worker
  - Web Components
    
    custom elements shadow DOM templates
- Interview Questions
  - Question 1
    
    What is DOCTYPE and why needed
  - Question 2
    
    Difference between HTML and HTML5
  - Question 3
    
    Explain semantic HTML with examples
  - Question 4
    
    Block vs Inline elements difference
  - Question 5
    
    How to optimize website performance
  - Question 6
    
    What are data attributes and use
  - Question 7
    
    Explain localStorage vs sessionStorage
  - Question 8
    
    How to make website accessible
  - Question 9
    
    What is responsive web design
  - Question 10
    
    Explain CSS Grid vs Flexbox
  - Question 11
    
    What are pseudo classes and elements
  - Question 12
    
    How does z-index work
  - Question 13
    
    Explain box model in CSS
  - Question 14
    
    What are media queries
  - Question 15
    
    How to center a div
  - Question 16
    
    Explain event bubbling and delegation
  - Question 17
    
    What is closure in JavaScript
  - Question 18
    
    Explain this keyword in JS
  - Question 19
    
    What is promises in JavaScript
  - Question 20
    
    Explain async await
  - Question 21
    
    What is CORS and how to fix
  - Question 22
    
    Explain web workers use cases
  - Question 23
    
    What is shadow DOM
  - Question 24
    
    Explain service workers and PWA
  - Question 25
    
    What are web components
  - Question 26
    
    How to improve Core Web Vitals
  - Question 27
    
    What is CSP and why important
  - Question 28
    
    Explain cross site scripting XSS
  - Question 29
    
    What is CSRF attack prevention
  - Question 30
    
    How does HTTPS work
  - Question 31
    
    What is critical rendering path
  - Question 32
    
    Explain TTFB LCP FID CLS
  - Question 33
    
    What is lazy loading and benefits
  - Question 34
    
    How to optimize images for web
  - Question 35
    
    What is structured data JSON-LD
  - Question 36
    
    Explain hreflang for international SEO
  - Question 37
    
    What are canonical tags
  - Question 38
    
    How to handle pagination SEO
  - Question 39
    
    What is robots.txt and sitemap
  - Question 40
    
    Explain mobile first indexing
  - Question 41
    
    What is WCAG and accessibility levels
  - Question 42
    
    Explain ARIA roles and attributes
  - Question 43
    
    What are skip navigation links
  - Question 44
    
    How to test accessibility
  - Question 45
    
    What is color contrast ratio requirement
  - Question 46
    
    Explain keyboard navigation best practices
  - Question 47
    
    What are focus indicators
  - Question 48
    
    How to make modals accessible
  - Question 49
    
    What is screen reader testing
  - Question 50
    
    Explain legal requirements for accessibility
- Project Ideas
  - Project 1
    
    Personal Portfolio Website
  - Project 2
    
    E-commerce Product Page
  - Project 3
    
    Blog Platform with Comments
  - Project 4
    
    Restaurant Booking System
  - Project 5
    
    Weather Dashboard App
  - Project 6
    
    Task Management Todo App
  - Project 7
    
    Quiz Application with Timer
  - Project 8
    
    Memory Card Matching Game
  - Project 9
    
    Chat Application with WebSockets
  - Project 10
    
    Video Streaming Platform UI
  - Project 11
    
    Music Player with Playlist
  - Project 12
    
    Photo Gallery with Filters
  - Project 13
    
    Drawing Canvas Application
  - Project 14
    
    Markdown Editor Preview
  - Project 15
    
    Code Snippet Sharing Site
  - Project 16
    
    Social Media Dashboard
  - Project 17
    
    Analytics Dashboard Charts
  - Project 18
    
    Real Estate Property Listing
  - Project 19
    
    Job Portal Board
  - Project 20
    
    Online Learning Platform
  - Project 21
    
    Event Booking Website
  - Project 22
    
    Wedding Invitation Page
  - Project 23
    
    Digital Resume Builder
  - Project 24
    
    Invoice Generator Tool
  - Project 25
    
    Currency Converter API
  - Project 26
    
    Unit Conversion Tool
  - Project 27
    
    Password Generator App
  - Project 28
    
    QR Code Generator
  - Project 29
    
    URL Shortener Service
  - Project 30
    
    File Upload with Preview
  - Project 31
    
    PDF Viewer and Annotator
  - Project 32
    
    Text Summarizer Tool
  - Project 33
    
    Sentiment Analysis Dashboard
  - Project 34
    
    Face Detection Application
  - Project 35
    
    Speech to Text Converter
  - Project 36
    
    Text to Speech App
  - Project 37
    
    Screen Recorder Tool
  - Project 38
    
    Whiteboard Collaboration
  - Project 39
    
    Survey Form Builder
  - Project 40
    
    Feedback Collection System
  - Project 41
    
    News Aggregator Website
  - Project 42
    
    Stock Market Ticker
  - Project 43
    
    Cryptocurrency Tracker
  - Project 44
    
    Sports Score Live Update
  - Project 45
    
    Recipe Finder App
  - Project 46
    
    Fitness Workout Planner
  - Project 47
    
    Meditation Timer App
  - Project 48
    
    Budget Expense Tracker
  - Project 49
    
    Investment Calculator
  - Project 50
    
    Loan EMI Calculator
HTML Final Cheatsheet
- Beginner Cheatsheet
  - Basic Structure
    
    html head body
  - Text Tags
    
    h1 to h6 p br hr
  - Formatting Tags
    
    b strong i em mark small del ins
  - Links
    
    a href target
  - Images
    
    img src alt width height
  - Lists
    
    ul ol li dl dt dd
  - Tables
    
    table tr td th
  - Forms
    
    input textarea select button label
- Intermediate Cheatsheet
  - Input Types
    
    email number date color range file
  - Input Attributes
    
    required placeholder readonly disabled
  - Form Attributes
    
    action method enctype target
  - Table Elements
    
    thead tbody tfoot caption colgroup
  - Table Attributes
    
    colspan rowspan
  - Semantic Tags
    
    header nav main article section aside footer
  - Media Tags
    
    video audio source track
  - Graphics Tags
    
    canvas svg
  - Embed Tags
    
    iframe embed object
- Advanced Cheatsheet
  - HTML5 Tags
    
    datalist details summary dialog progress meter
  - Global Attributes
    
    id class style title lang dir
  - Event Attributes
    
    onclick onload onmouseover onchange onsubmit
  - Data Attributes
    
    data-* custom storage
  - ARIA Attributes
    
    aria-label aria-hidden aria-expanded
  - Meta Tags
    
    charset viewport description keywords author
  - Link Tags
    
    rel stylesheet icon preload prefetch
- CSS Cheatsheet
  - Selectors
    
    element class id universal descendant child
  - Box Model
    
    margin padding border width height
  - Display
    
    block inline inline-block flex grid none
  - Position
    
    static relative absolute fixed sticky
  - Flexbox
    
    flex-direction justify-content align-items flex-wrap
  - Grid
    
    grid-template-columns grid-template-rows grid-gap
  - Background
    
    background-color background-image background-size
  - Text
    
    color font-size font-family text-align line-height
- JavaScript Cheatsheet
  - DOM Selection
    
    getElementById querySelector getElementsByClassName
  - DOM Manipulation
    
    innerHTML textContent style classList
  - Events
    
    addEventListener click load submit change
  - Storage
    
    localStorage setItem getItem removeItem clear
  - Fetch API
    
    fetch then catch json
- Responsive Cheatsheet
  - Viewport
    
    meta viewport width device width initial scale
  - Media Queries
    
    max-width min-width orientation
  - Images
    
    max-width 100 percent height auto
  - Units
    
    percent vw vh rem em
- SEO Cheatsheet
  - Title Tag
    
    50-60 characters include keyword
  - Meta Description
    
    150-160 characters compelling summary
  - Headings
    
    One H1 proper hierarchy
  - Images
    
    alt text descriptive filenames
  - Canonical
    
    link rel canonical duplicate content
- Accessibility Cheatsheet
  - Alt Text
    
    descriptive for images empty for decorative
  - Labels
    
    label for input id association
  - ARIA
    
    aria-label aria-describedby aria-live
  - Focus
    
    tabindex visible focus indicator
  - Semantic
    
    use proper HTML elements
- Performance Cheatsheet
  - Lazy Loading
    
    loading lazy on images iframes
  - Async Defer
    
    async for independent scripts defer for order
  - Preload
    
    link rel preload as font style script
  - Compression
    
    Gzip Brotli on server
  - Caching
    
    Cache-Control headers service worker
HTML Final Reference
- Quick Reference
  - Common Tags
    
    Most Used HTML Tags List
  - Void Elements
    
    br hr img input meta link area base col embed source track
  - Deprecated Tags
    
    center font frame frameset applet acronym marquee blink
  - New HTML5 Tags
    
    header nav main article section aside footer details summary dialog
  - Form Input Types
    
    text password email number date color range file submit reset button
  - Global Attributes
    
    id class style title lang dir hidden tabindex contenteditable
  - Event Attributes
    
    onclick ondblclick onload onmouseover onmouseout onkeydown onkeyup
  - CSS Units
    
    px rem em vw vh percent ex ch
  - Color Formats
    
    hex rgb rgba hsl hsla color names
  - Media Formats
    
    mp4 webm ogg mp3 wav jpg png gif svg webp avif
HTML Final Glossary
- Terms A
  - Absolute Path
    
    Full URL path from root
  - Accessibility
    
    Web access for people with disabilities
  - Alt Text
    
    Alternative text for images
  - API
    
    Application Programming Interface
  - ARIA
    
    Accessible Rich Internet Applications
  - Async
    
    Load script without blocking HTML parsing
- Terms B
  - Block Element
    
    Element that starts on new line takes full width
  - Box Model
    
    Margin Border Padding Content
- Terms C
  - Canvas
    
    HTML element for dynamic graphics
  - Child Element
    
    Element nested inside another
  - Class
    
    HTML attribute for CSS styling
  - CLS
    
    Cumulative Layout Shift metric
  - CORS
    
    Cross Origin Resource Sharing
  - CSP
    
    Content Security Policy
- Terms D
  - Data Attribute
    
    Custom attribute starting with data-
  - Defer
    
    Execute script after HTML parsing
  - Deprecated
    
    Feature still works but not recommended
  - DOM
    
    Document Object Model
  - Drag and Drop
    
    API for draggable elements
- Terms E
  - Element
    
    HTML tag with content
  - Em
    
    Relative unit based on parent font size
  - Entity
    
    Special character code like <
- Terms F
  - Favicon
    
    Website icon in browser tab
  - FCP
    
    First Contentful Paint metric
  - FID
    
    First Input Delay metric
  - Flexbox
    
    CSS layout model
- Terms G
  - Geolocation
    
    API for user location
  - Grid
    
    CSS two dimensional layout
- Terms H
  - HTML
    
    HyperText Markup Language
  - HTTP
    
    HyperText Transfer Protocol
  - HTTPS
    
    Secure HTTP with SSL TLS
- Terms I
  - ID
    
    Unique identifier attribute
  - Iframe
    
    Inline frame for embedding
  - Inline Element
    
    Element in text flow no line break
  - INP
    
    Interaction to Next Paint metric
- Terms J
  - JavaScript
    
    Programming language for web
  - JSON
    
    JavaScript Object Notation
  - JSON-LD
    
    JSON for Linked Data structured data
- Terms L
  - Lazy Loading
    
    Defer loading of offscreen content
  - LCP
    
    Largest Contentful Paint metric
  - LocalStorage
    
    Browser persistent storage
- Terms M
  - Media Query
    
    CSS for responsive design
  - Meta Tag
    
    Metadata in HTML head
  - Microdata
    
    Structured data format
- Terms N
  - Nested Element
    
    Element inside another element
- Terms O
  - Open Graph
    
    Facebook social media protocol
- Terms P
  - Padding
    
    Inner space of element
  - Parent Element
    
    Container element
  - Preload
    
    Load critical resources early
  - Pseudo Class
    
    CSS selector colon syntax
  - Pseudo Element
    
    CSS selector double colon
  - PWA
    
    Progressive Web App
- Terms R
  - Rem
    
    Relative unit based on root font size
  - Responsive
    
    Adapts to different screen sizes
  - RGB
    
    Red Green Blue color model
- Terms S
  - Semantic
    
    Meaningful HTML elements
  - Server-Sent Events
    
    One way server to client
  - Service Worker
    
    Proxy for offline caching
  - Shadow DOM
    
    Encapsulated DOM tree
  - Slot
    
    Web component content projection
  - SVG
    
    Scalable Vector Graphics
- Terms T
  - TTFB
    
    Time To First Byte metric
  - Template
    
    Reusable HTML markup
- Terms U
  - UTF-8
    
    Universal Character Set encoding
- Terms V
  - Viewport
    
    Visible area of webpage
  - Void Element
    
    Self closing tag
- Terms W
  - WCAG
    
    Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
  - Web Component
    
    Reusable custom elements
  - Web Storage
    
    Local and session storage
  - Web Worker
    
    Background thread JavaScript
  - WebP
    
    Modern image format
  - WebSocket
    
    Bidirectional realtime communication
- Terms X
  - XHTML
    
    Strict XML version of HTML
  - XSS
    
    Cross Site Scripting attack
HTML Final Congratulations
- Course Complete
  - Congratulations
    
    You have completed HTML Tutorial
  - Next Steps
    
    Learn CSS in depth
    
    Learn JavaScript
    
    Build projects practice daily
    
    Join developer community
  - Keep Learning
    
    Stay updated with new features
    
    Follow HTML specification
    
    Practice coding regularly
  - Thank You
    
    Thank you for learning HTML
HTML Deprecated Tags
- Text Formatting Deprecated
  - <center>
    
    Center text - Use CSS text-align:center instead
  - <font>
    
    Font styling - Use CSS font properties instead
  - <big>
    
    Bigger text - Use CSS font-size:larger instead
  - <strike>
    
    Strikethrough text - Use CSS text-decoration:line-through instead
  - <tt>
    
    Teletype monospace - Use CSS font-family:monospace instead
  - <u>
    
    Underline (redefined) - Use CSS text-decoration:underline
  - <s>
    
    Strikethrough (redefined) - Use CSS text-decoration:line-through
  - <acronym>
    
    Acronym - Use <abbr> tag instead
  - <plaintext>
    
    Plain text - Use <pre> or text/plain instead
  - <listing>
    
    Listing text - Use <pre> or <code> instead
  - <xmp>
    
    Example text - Use <pre> or <code> instead
  - <nobr>
    
    No break text - Use CSS white-space:nowrap instead
  - <spacer>
    
    Space insertion - Use CSS margin or padding instead
  - <multicol>
    
    Multi-column text - Use CSS columns instead
  - <bgsound>
    
    Background sound - Use <audio> tag instead
- Layout Deprecated
  - <frame>
    
    Individual frame - Use CSS Grid/Flexbox instead
  - <frameset>
    
    Frame container - Use CSS Grid/Flexbox instead
  - <noframes>
    
    Fallback for frames - Use modern layout techniques
    
    No frames content - Use responsive design
  - <layer>
    
    Layer positioning - Use CSS positioning instead
  - <ilayer>
    
    Inline layer - Use CSS positioning instead
- Embed Deprecated
  - <applet>
    
    Java applet - Use <object> or modern JS
  - <embed>
    
    External plugin (redefined) - Still used for PDF/flash but caution
  - <noembed>
    
    Fallback for embed - Use <object> fallback
  - <param>
    
    Parameters for plugins - Use data attributes or JS
- Animation Deprecated
  - <blink>
    
    Blinking text - Use CSS animation instead
  - <marquee>
    
    Scrolling text - Use CSS animation instead
- Form Deprecated
  - <keygen>
    
    Key pair generator - Use Web Crypto API instead
  - <isindex>
    
    Single line input - Use <input> tag instead
  - <nextid>
    
    NeXT ID generator - Not supported
- List Deprecated
  - <dir>
    
    Directory list - Use <ul> tag instead
  - <menu>
    
    Menu list (redefined) - Modern <menu> for toolbar
- Table Deprecated
  - <colgroup>
    
    Column group (still valid but attributes deprecated)
  - <col>
    
    Column (still valid but attributes deprecated)
- Script Deprecated
  - <script language>
    
    Language attribute - Use type="text/javascript"
- Metadata Deprecated
  - <meta http-equiv>
    
    Some values deprecated - Use modern equivalents
  - <basefont>
    
    Base font - Use CSS body font properties
  - <link rev>
    
    Reverse relationship - Use rel attribute instead
HTML Attributes
- Contenteditable
  - contenteditable
    
    Make Element Editable
  - execCommand
    
    Document Editing Commands
  - WYSIWYG Editor
    
    Build Rich Text Editor
HTTP
- HTTP/3
  - HTTP/3
    
    Latest HTTP Version
  - QUIC Protocol
    
    UDP Based Transport
  - 0 RTT
    
    Zero Round Trip Time
  - Connection Migration
    
    IP Change Support
- Early Hints
  - 103 Early Hints
    
    Preload Before Response
  - Link Header
    
    Preload Resources Early
  - Performance Optimization
    
    Faster Page Load
- Compression
  - Brotli
    
    Better Compression than Gzip
  - Zstandard
    
    Zstd Compression
  - Accept-Encoding
    
    Compression Negotiation
HTML Packaging
- WebBundle
  - WebBundle
    
    Package Web Resources
  - Signed Exchanges
    
    SXG Format
  - Bundling
    
    Signed HTTP Exchanges
HTML Privacy
- Isolated Web Apps
  - Isolated Web Apps
    
    Enhanced Security Apps
  - Trust Tokens
    
    Privacy Preserving Tokens
- Fenced Frames
  - <fencedframe>
    
    Privacy Preserving Frame
  - Interest Groups
    
    FLEDGE API
- Private Aggregation API
  - PrivateAggregation
    
    Private Data Aggregation
  - contributeToHistogram
    
    Contribute Data
- Shared Storage API
  - SharedStorage
    
    Shared Storage Access
  - worklet
    
    Shared Storage Worklet
- Attribution Reporting API
  - Attribution Reporting
    
    Conversion Measurement
  - registerSource
    
    Register Attribution Source
  - registerTrigger
    
    Register Attribution Trigger
- Topics API
  - Topics API
    
    Interest Based Advertising
  - document.browsingTopics
    
    Get Topics
  - Privacy Sandbox
    
    Chrome Privacy Sandbox
- First Party Sets
  - First Party Sets
    
    Related Domain Declaration
  - owner
    
    Set Owner Domain
  - version
    
    Set Version
Category
- Subcategory
  - ChildSubcategory
    
    Title
HTML Complete
- Congratulations
  - Course Complete
    
    HTML Mastery Achieved
- Next Steps
  - Learn CSS
    
    Advanced CSS Techniques
  - Learn JavaScript
    
    ES6+ Modern JavaScript
  - Build Projects
    
    Real World Projects
  - Get Certified
    
    HTML Certification
- Resources
  - Documentation
    
    MDN Web Docs
  - Community
    
    Stack Overflow GitHub
  - Tools
    
    VS Code Chrome DevTools

📘

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